Anatomy Muscles
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| Contractility | The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force.
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| Excitability | The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus.
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| Extensibility | The ability to be stretched.
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| Elasticity | The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched.
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| Epimysium | Connective tissue that surrounds each skeletal muscle.
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| Fascia | Connected tissue located outside the epimysium.
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| Fasicle (fasciculi) | Numerous visible bundles of muscle.
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| Perimysium | Connective tissue that surrounds fasciculi.
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| Muscle cells | Muscle fibers.
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| Endomysium | Surrounds muscle fibers.
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| Myofibrils | A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
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| Actin myofilaments | Thin myofilaments.
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| Myosin myofilaments | Thick myofilaments.
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| Sarcomere | Form the myofibril / Basic structural and functional unity of the muscle.
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| Resting Membrane Potential | The charge difference across the membrane.
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| Action Potential | The brief reversal back of the charge.
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| Motor Neurons | Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers.
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| Neuromuscular | Synapse.
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| Motor Unit | A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates.
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| Presynaptic Terminal | The enlarged nerve terminal.
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| Synaptic Cleft | The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell.
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| Postsynaptic Terminal | The muscle fiber.
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| Synaptic Vesicles | Secretes a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.
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| Acetylcholine | Neurotransmitter secreted by the synaptic vesicles
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| Mastication | Chewing
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| Occipitofrontalis | Raises eyebrows
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| Orbicularis Oculi | Closes eyelids
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| Orbicularis Oris | Puckers Lips
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| Buccinator | Flattens the cheeks
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| Zygomaticus | Smiling muscle
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| Levator Labii Superoris | Sneering
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| Depressor Anguli Oris | Frowning
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| Intrinsic Tongue Muscles | Change the shape of the tongue
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| Extrinsic Tongue Muscles | Move the tongue
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| Sternocleidomastoid | Lateral neck muscles and prime mover
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| Erector Spinae | Group of muscles on each side of the back
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| Thoracic Muscles | Muscles that move the thorax
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| External Intercostals | Elevate the ribs during inspiration
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| Internal Intercostals | Contract during forced expiration
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| Diaphragm | Accomplishes quiet breathing
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| Trapezius | Rotates scapula
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| Serratus Anterior | Pulls scapula anteriorly
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| Pectoralis Major | Adducts and flexes the arm
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| Lattissimus Dorsi | Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm
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| Deltoid | Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle
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| Triceps Brachii | Extends the forearm
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| Biceps Brachii | Flexes the forearm
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| Brachialis | Flexes forearm
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| Brachioradialis | Flexes and supinates the forearm
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| Flexor Carpi | Flexes the wrist
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| Extensor Carpi | Extends the wrist
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| Flexor Digitorum | Flexes the fingers
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| Extensor Digitoum | Extends the fingers
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| Gluteus Maximus | Buttocks
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| Quadriceps Femoris | Extends the leg
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| Sartorius | Flexes the thigh
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| Hamstring | Posterior thigh muscles
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| Gastocnemius | 1/2 the Calf muscle
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| Soleus | 1/2 the Calf muscle
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| Calcaneal Tendon | Achilles Tendon
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| Number of Muscles Located in the Foot | 20
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| Muscle Twitch | A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers.
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| Threshold | The point in which the muscle fiber will contract maximally
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| Lag Phase | The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction
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| Contraction Phase | The time of contraction
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| Relaxation Phase | The time in which the muscle relaxes
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| Tetany | Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing
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| Recruitment | The increase in number of motor units being activated
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| Muscle Tone | The constant tension produced by muscles of the body for a long period of time.
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| Fast-twitch Fibers | Contract quickly and fatigue quickly
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| Slow-twitch Fibers | Contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue
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| Origin | The most stationary part of the muscle
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| Insertion | The end of a muscle that undergoes the most movement
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| Belly | Lies between the origin and the insertion
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| Prime Mover | One muscle that plays a key role in movement.
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