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Anatomy Muscles

QuestionAnswer
Contractility The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force.
Excitability The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus.
Extensibility The ability to be stretched.
Elasticity The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched.
Epimysium Connective tissue that surrounds each skeletal muscle.
Fascia Connected tissue located outside the epimysium.
Fasicle (fasciculi) Numerous visible bundles of muscle.
Perimysium Connective tissue that surrounds fasciculi.
Muscle cells Muscle fibers.
Endomysium Surrounds muscle fibers.
Myofibrils A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
Actin myofilaments Thin myofilaments.
Myosin myofilaments Thick myofilaments.
Sarcomere Form the myofibril / Basic structural and functional unity of the muscle.
Resting Membrane Potential The charge difference across the membrane.
Action Potential The brief reversal back of the charge.
Motor Neurons Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers.
Neuromuscular Synapse.
Motor Unit A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates.
Presynaptic Terminal The enlarged nerve terminal.
Synaptic Cleft The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell.
Postsynaptic Terminal The muscle fiber.
Synaptic Vesicles Secretes a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter secreted by the synaptic vesicles
Mastication Chewing
Occipitofrontalis Raises eyebrows
Orbicularis Oculi Closes eyelids
Orbicularis Oris Puckers Lips
Buccinator Flattens the cheeks
Zygomaticus Smiling muscle
Levator Labii Superoris Sneering
Depressor Anguli Oris Frowning
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles Change the shape of the tongue
Extrinsic Tongue Muscles Move the tongue
Sternocleidomastoid Lateral neck muscles and prime mover
Erector Spinae Group of muscles on each side of the back
Thoracic Muscles Muscles that move the thorax
External Intercostals Elevate the ribs during inspiration
Internal Intercostals Contract during forced expiration
Diaphragm Accomplishes quiet breathing
Trapezius Rotates scapula
Serratus Anterior Pulls scapula anteriorly
Pectoralis Major Adducts and flexes the arm
Lattissimus Dorsi Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm
Deltoid Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle
Triceps Brachii Extends the forearm
Biceps Brachii Flexes the forearm
Brachialis Flexes forearm
Brachioradialis Flexes and supinates the forearm
Flexor Carpi Flexes the wrist
Extensor Carpi Extends the wrist
Flexor Digitorum Flexes the fingers
Extensor Digitoum Extends the fingers
Gluteus Maximus Buttocks
Quadriceps Femoris Extends the leg
Sartorius Flexes the thigh
Hamstring Posterior thigh muscles
Gastocnemius 1/2 the Calf muscle
Soleus 1/2 the Calf muscle
Calcaneal Tendon Achilles Tendon
Number of Muscles Located in the Foot 20
Muscle Twitch A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers.
Threshold The point in which the muscle fiber will contract maximally
Lag Phase The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction
Contraction Phase The time of contraction
Relaxation Phase The time in which the muscle relaxes
Tetany Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing
Recruitment The increase in number of motor units being activated
Muscle Tone The constant tension produced by muscles of the body for a long period of time.
Fast-twitch Fibers Contract quickly and fatigue quickly
Slow-twitch Fibers Contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue
Origin The most stationary part of the muscle
Insertion The end of a muscle that undergoes the most movement
Belly Lies between the origin and the insertion
Prime Mover One muscle that plays a key role in movement.
Created by: FlyingEagle20
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