Stack #189911
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| prokaryotes have/lack mesosome | have
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| prokaryotes have/lack PM | have
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| prokaryotes have/lack mitochondria | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack lysosome | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack ER | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack golgi apparatus | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack nucleus | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack embedded cholesterol in lipid bilayer | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack histone | lack
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| prokaryotes have/lack ETC | have (special ETC not in mitochondria)
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| prokaryotes have/lack ribosome | have
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| two types of angiosperm | monocot(narrow leaf), dicot(broad leaf)
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| cambrium is | source of 2nd growth of plants which develops into phloem and xylem.
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| phloem is | transports nutrients down stem
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| xylem is | transports water up stem
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| vascular tissue transporting nutrients down stem | phloem
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| vascular tissue transporting water up stem | xylem
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| plants lacking vascular tissues | non-trachephyte
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| non-trachephyte is | plants lacking vascular tissues
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| stomata | control gas exchange by opening/closing
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| control gas exchange by opening/closing | stomata
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| stroma | fluid inner membrane of chloroplast
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| fluid inner membrane of chloroplast | stroma
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| thylakoid | photosynthetic pigment in chloroplast
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| photosynthetic pigment in chloroplast | thylakoid
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| meristem | undifferentiated cells in plants
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| undifferentiated cells in plants | meristem
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| apical meristem | undifferentiated cells that eventually develop into branches and flowers
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| undifferentiated cells that eventually develop into branches and flowers | apical meristems
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| NT consists of | sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base
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| nucleoside consists of | sugar + nitrogenous base
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| lyase breaks down | C-C, C-O, C-N
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| when the sigmoidal curve for Hb is shifted to right the affinity of O2 is decreased/increased | decreased, hence releasing O2
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| effect of H+ on Hb sigmoidal curve | shifts right`
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| Red marrow | form RBC, leukocyte, thrombocyte
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| what part of a bone forms RBC, leukocyte, thrombocyte | Red marrow
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| Yellow marrow | stores fat
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| what part of a bone stores fat | yellow marrow`
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| under what condition is yellow marrow converted to red marrow | when blood supply is low
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| megakaryocyte | produces platelets
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| what produeces platelets | megakaryocyte
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| types of leukocytes | never let monkeys eat banana (neutrophil, lymphocyte, macrocyte, eosinophil, basophil)
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| giberellins | hormone which allows stem elongation and induces plants to flower
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| hormone which allows stem elongation and induces plants to flower | giberellins
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| cytokinin | hormone which promotes cell division
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| hormone which promotes cell division | cytokinin
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| ethylene | fruuit ripening
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| abscisic acid | inhibit planht growth hormone
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| what inhibits plant growth hormone | abscisic acid
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| structure of collagen | triple helix
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| plants have/lack centriole | lack
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| animals have/lack centriole | have
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| blue green algae is in what domain | monera(cyanobacteria)
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| most accurate way to work out molecular structure | x-ray diffraction
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| gram +/- bacteria have thick peptidoglycan | +
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| gram +/- bacteria appear purple after gram staining | +
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| gram +/- bacteria have thin peptidoglycan | -
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| gram +/- bacteria are pathogenic | -
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| teichoic acid used as | binding site used by bacterial viruses on gram positive bacteria
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| middle ear contains | 3 occipitals, mallus, incus, stapes
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| inner ear contains | semicircular canal (for balance) and cochlea (converts sound wave into neural messages)
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| glucagon produced in | pancreatic alpha
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| insulin produced in | pancreatic beta
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| aldosterone causes | Na+, H2O reabsorption, K+ secretion
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| fungi composed of filaments called __, collectively called | hyphae, mycelium
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| fungi reproduces sexually/asexually | both
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| eg of saprophytic | all fungi
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| fungi lack/have cell walls | have, (chitin)
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| habitat | physical environment in which organism occupies
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| physical environment in which organism occupies | habitat
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| niche | ROLE an organism plays in a community
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| community | interaction between different species
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| interaction between different species | community
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| ROLE an organism plays in a community | niche
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| arthropods have open/closed circulatory system | open
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| nephridia is | excretory structure in annelids
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| annelids have open/closed circulatory system | closed
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| 3 stages of fetus development | morula blastrula gastrula (must be good)
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| morula to blastrula by mitosis or meiosis | mitosis
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| nervous system is ecto/endo/mesoderm | ectoderm
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| skeleton is ecto/endo/mesoderm | mesoderm
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| gonad is ecto/endo/mesoderm | mesoderm
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| kidney is ecto/endo/mesoderm | mesoderm
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| circulatory system is ecto/endo/mesoderm | mesoderm
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| lining of bladder is ecto/endo/mesoderm | endoderm
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| liver is ecto/endo/mesoderm | endoderm
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| pancreas is ecto/endo/mesoderm | endoderm
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| cells of stomach | chief, parietal, G-cell
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| how does stomach wall not degraded by acid | mucous protects stomch
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| some eg of cnidaria | hydras, jellyfish, sea anemoas
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| stinging cells in Cnidaria called | nematocyst
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| nematocysts | stinging cells in Cnidaria
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| eg of cartilaginous fish | shark, rays
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| distinguishing feature about cartilaginous fish | skel composed of cartilage
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| shark, rays eg of what fish | cartilaginous fish
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| characteristics of chordates | Do Not Pinch People
dorsal hallow nerve cord
notocord
pharangeal slits
postanal tail
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| structure of collagen | triple helix, every 3rd position occupied by Glycine
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| how body releases Ca2+ | PTH => inc. osteoclast
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| how body decreases Ca2+ | calcitonin => inc. osteoblast
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| posterior pituitary releases | oxytocin, ADH
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| ADH released from | posterior pituitary
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| calcitonin released from | thyroid
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| PTH released from | parathyroid
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| epinephrine inc or dec blood sugar level | increase
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| eg of catecholamine | epinephrine, NE
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| thyroxin released from what and its effect | thyroid gland, inc basal metablolic rate
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| reverse transcription | RNA -> DNA
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| adaptive radiation aka | divergent evolution
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| divergent evolution aka | adaptive radiation
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| hardy weinberg requires no | maggie may does not smoke + isolation
mutation
migration
drift
non-random mating
selection
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| hardy weinberg shows | how genotype and phenotype stability can be achieved
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| chromosomal inversion | one chromosome turned 180 degrees
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| chromosomal translocation | 2 non homogeneous chromosomes interchange genes
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| anticodon | triplet of NT on tRNA
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| maternal DNA seen in | mitochondria
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| dowm syndrome, number of chromosome in an individual with this syndrome | trisomy 21, 47
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| Turner syndrome, number of chromosome in an individual with this syndrome | lack an X chromosome, 44 autosome, 1 sex chromosome => total of 45 chromosme
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| turner syndrome symptom | less feminine (no ovaries)
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| kleinfelter syndrome | XXY or XXXY, ALWAYS 44 autosome
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| kleinfelter syndrome symptom | sterile, feminine males
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| sterile, feminine males symtom of __ syndrome | kleinfelter
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| less feminine (no ovaries) symptom of __ syndrome | turner
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| spermatozoa matured in | epididymis
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| __ cells secrete testeosterone | ledig
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| spermatogenisis occurs in | semineferous tubule
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| darwin's therory on molecular genetics and mutations | never discussed these ideas
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| corpus luteum turnes into __ in case no ferilization occurs | corpus albican
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| where does fertilzation occur | fallopian tube
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| oocyte development halted at __ until puberty | prophase I of meiosis
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| amphixous and tunicates are __ phylum that lack __ | chordata, vertebrates (ie they're invertebrates)
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| all vertebrates are in __ phylum | chordata
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| special feature about amphixous and tunicates | chordates which are invertebrates. they don't lose their notochord like all other chordates
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| genetic code universal except for __ | mitochondria and chloroplast
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| cholecystokinin is made in __ its role is to __ | duodenum, stimulate bile release from gall bladder
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| secretin is made in __ its role is to __ | duodenum, stimulate production of pancreatic juice
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| enterogasterase is made in __ its role is to __ | duodenum, inhibit stomach gland secretion
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| breathing rate is sensitive to H+ or CO2 or O2 | all
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| eg of veins carrying o2'd blood | umbilical vein, pulmonary vein
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| ductus venosus | umbilical vein -> (bypass liver) -> inferior vena cava
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| foramen ovale | shunt flow from right to left atrium
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| ductus arteriosus | pulmonary artery -> (bypass lung) -> aorta
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| how does gas exchange occur in fetal lung | doesn't occur
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| __ allows left and right hemispheres of brain to communicate | corpus callosum
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| during light __ produced in __. | O2, NADPH high [H+], ATP(from H+ gradient)
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| dark rxn known as __ occurs in | calvin cycle, stroma
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| calvin cycle requires __ for each CO2 that becomes incorporated in carbohydrate | 3ATP, 2NADPH
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| final product of calvin cycle | G3P, NOT glucose!!
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| production of 1 glucose via calvin cycle requires __ ATP , __ NADPH | 18, 12
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| ligament connects __ to _ | bone to bone
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| tendons connect __ to __ | bone to muscle
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| haversion canals have | blood vessels, nerves
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| phylum mollusca divides into __ and __ | cephalopoda, gastropoda
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| cephalopoda in __ phylum, includes __ | mollusca, squid, octopus
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| class crustacean in __ phylum inclucdes | arthropoda, crab, shrimp, lobster
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| class arachnida in __ phylum includes | arthropoda, scoprians, spiders
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| shrimp in __ class, __ phylum | crustacean, arthropoda
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| spider in __ class, __ phylum | arachnida, arthropoda
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| bile produced in | liver
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| N. waste -> urea occurs in | liver
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| major glycogen storage | liver
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| analogous structure = __ evolution | convergent eg. bat vs bird wings
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| homologous structure = __ evolution | divergent
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| transpiration is | loss of H2O from leaves
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| hydrolysis | using water to split molecules
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| hydration | addn of water
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| diapause | resting condition of insect similar to animal hibernation
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| if body doesn't produce enough ADH, | loss of H2O, large quantity of urine
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| diabetes insipidus caused by | not enough ADH produced
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| type 1 diabetes mellitus | autoimmune destroyes pancreatic beta cells
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| type 2 diabetes mellitus | body resistant to insulin
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| sugar in urine symptom of | diabetes mellitus
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| common symptom of diabetes melllitus | sugar in urine
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| most reabsorption in kidney occurs in | proximal tubule
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| sugar actively/passively reabsorbed | actively
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| major secretion in kidney occurs in | distal tubule
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| mRNA produced by | RNA polymerase
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| PKU disease | lack enzymes for phenylalanine
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| __ disease lack enzymes for phenylalanine | PKU
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| gout | uric acid crystals deposit
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| uric acid crystals deposit | gout
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| diabetes insipidus caused by | not enought vasopressin
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| tay sach | defective lysosome
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| defective lysosome | tay sach
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| hashimoto's disease | defective thyroid
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| defective thyroid | hasimoto's disease
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| RBC lacks | mitochondria, nucleus
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| nuclues in sperm in | head
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| tropoblast is | precursor of placenta
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| precursor of placenta called | tropoblast
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| fish has __ chambered heart | 2
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| frog has __ chambered heart | 3
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| bird has __ chambered heart | 4
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| __ absorbs digest fat from intestine | lacteal (small lymph vessel)
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| sexual dimorphism | male and female differ in appearance
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| B-cell results in __ which causes | humoral immune response, produce antibodies in blood and lymph
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| T-cell developed in __ results in __ which causes | thymus, cell-mediated immune response, apoptosis
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| newly hatched duck following moving object eg of | imprinting
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| imprinting is __. an eg is | learning occuring at a particular stage of life, newly hatched duck following parents
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| Barr body is | inactivated X chromosome
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| hemizygous is __ eg is | having single copy of gene, instead of two. eg. male XY
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| chondrichthys | skates and sharks
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| amphibian | toads frogs
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| aves | birds
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| agnatha | hagfish, lamprey
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| genetic drift | change in allele freq caused by PHENOMINA, entirely from CHANCE
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| speciation | process by which new species arrive
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| polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | clone DNA
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| __ technique to clone DNA | PCR
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| product of kreb cycle | 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 GTP
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| bacteria derive E from | glycolysis, ETC (special)
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| cross-over occurs in | prophase 1 of meiosis
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| chlorphyll in | thylakoid
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| ledig cell | secretes testosteron
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| purpose of lactate prductino in active muscle | replenish NAD+ for glycolysis
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| apocrine gland | gland that respond to stress
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| eccrine gland | maintains body temp
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| cnidoblast | cells located in tentacles of coelenterate, filled with nematocyst
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| ion in chlorophyll | Mg2+
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| ion in Hb | Fe2+
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| each NT bound to the next one by __ bond | phosphodiester (3'OH to 5'OH)
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| __develops into umbilical cord | allantois
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| stroke volume | volume of blood pump in each beat
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| achondoplasia | dwarfism
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| progeria | premature aging
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| 2 negative inhibitions in female hormone | estrogen -FSH, progesterone -LH
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| Glycolysis end product | pyruvate
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| ABO bloodgroup represents | polymorphysm
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| reptiles have __ chambered heart | 3
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| tunicates | invertebrate with notocord
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| amphixous | invertebrate with notocord
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| vegetative propagation | asexual reproduction in plants
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| asexual reproduction in plants called | vegetative propagation
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| double fertilization in plants | sperm (1N) unites with zygote (2N) to form 3N (endosperm)
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| cotyledon | forms leaves after germination
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| amphibians have closed/open circulatory | closed
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| most abundent product of metabolism | CO2
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| denaturing protein affects primary or sec, or tert, or quternary structure | all except for primary structure (sequence of AA)
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| female part of flower | pistil
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| male part of flower | stamen
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| anther | chamber where pollen develops
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| chamber where pollen develops | anther
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| immature male gametophyte | pollen
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| 3 parts of pistil | ovary, style, stigma
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| part which catches pollens | stigma
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| in plants haploid gametophyte is multi/unicelluar | multicellular
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| in animals haploid gametophyte is multi/unicellular | unicellular
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| subunits in Hb | 2alpha, 2beta
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| transposable elements | can cut themselves, reinsert in another area
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| how do somatic cells alter genetic constitution without meiosis | via transposable elements
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| major criteron in defining a species | reproductive isolation
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| mollusca have open/closed circulatory system | cephalopods - closed
gastropods - open
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| cephalopods have low/high O2 demand | high, for jet propulsion
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| virus containing RNA calle | retrovirus
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| cruetzfeldt-jacob | prion disease
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| kingdom protista includes | paramecium, green algae
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| paramecium in what kingdom | protista
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| green algae in what kingdom | protista
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| blue green algae in what kingdom | monera
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| nematoda | hookworm, pinworm
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| platyhelminths | tapeworm
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| hookworm in phylum | nematoda
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| pinworm in what phylum | nematod
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| tapeworm in what phylum | platyhelminths
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| deuterosteome | echinoderm + chordata, anus -> mouth
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| bryophyte | non-vascular (non-tracheophyte), mosses, liverworts
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| non-tracheophytic plants in what phylum | bryophyte
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| mosses in what phylum | bryophyte
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| liverworts in what phylum | bryophyte
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| parasite transmitted by mosquito called | sporazoan
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| sporazoan | parasite transmitted by mosquito called
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| malaria caused by | plasmodium
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| plasmodium | malaria caused by
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| osteoartharitis | wearing away of carilage as a person ages
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| wearing away of carilage as a person ages | osteoartharitis
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| rheumatoid artharitis | degenerative genetic disorder
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| degenerative genetic disorder causing wearing away of cartilage | rheumatoid artharitis
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| osteoblast matures into | osteoclast
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| plasma cells function | antibody production (B-cell)
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| antibody production (B-cell) by | plasma cells
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| mast cells function | histamine release
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| histamine release by | mast cells
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| allantois function | store nitrogenous waste
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| most abundent RNA | rRNA
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| least abundent RNA | mRNA
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| anticodon bdd to codon by _ bond | H-bond
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| relationsihp betw. lichen and algae eg of | symbiosis (lichen protects, alga supplies food)
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| albumin contained in __ which __ | plasma, maintain blood osmotic pressure
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| In antibody (immunoglobin), two heavy chains linked to two light chains by __ | S-S
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| mullerian mimics | group of organisms posessing the same yellow warning color, although phylogenetically unrelated
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| group of organisms posessing the same yellow warning color, although phylogenetically unrelated | mullerian mimics
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| tannin | unsatisfactory taste in plants
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| unsatisfactory taste in plants | tannin
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| stem cells in bone marrow produce RBC via mitosis/meosis | mitosis
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| 5 classes of immunoblobin | IgG IgA IgM IgE IgD
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| helper t cell | stimulate prod. of antibody by B cell
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| antigenic determinant | site on antigen, where antibody bdd to
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| site on antigen, where antibody bdd to | antigenic determinant
🗑
|
||||
| an egg has __ chromosome, __ chromatid | 23, 23
🗑
|
||||
| nucleosome | histone + DNA
🗑
|
||||
| histone + DNA | nucleosome
🗑
|
||||
| complement system | chemical defense system comprised of serum (complements immunme systme)_
🗑
|
||||
| allopathic speciation | speciation due to geographical isolation
🗑
|
||||
| speciation due to geographical isolation | allopathic speciation
🗑
|
||||
| sympatic speciation | speciation due to ecological , genetic, behavioural barriers within SAME GEOG BOUNDING
🗑
|
||||
| speciation due to ecological , genetic, behavioural barriers within SAME GEOG BOUNDING | sympatic speciation
🗑
|
||||
| genetic population bottleneck | diaster wipes out large population. alles/freq of survivor doesn't represent the large population
🗑
|
||||
| diaster wipes out large population. alles/freq of survivor doesn't represent the large population | genetic population bottleneck
🗑
|
||||
| protostome | mollusca, arthropoda, annelids, mouth -> anus
🗑
|
||||
| oncotoic presure | pull water into circulatory system
🗑
|
||||
| hydrostatic presure | pull water out of circulatory system
🗑
|
||||
| zymogen | inactive form of enzyme eg pepsinogen
🗑
|
||||
| inactive form of enzyme eg pepsinogen | zymogen
🗑
|
||||
| spherical bacteria | cocci
🗑
|
||||
| rod shape bacteria | bacilli
🗑
|
||||
| helical bacteria | spiralla
🗑
|
||||
| era's in order | Peter Pan May Cry (Precambian, Paleozoic (first vertebrates, algae), Mesozoic (dino), Cenozoic
🗑
|
||||
| Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny | not accepted theory, says embroynic stages repeat evolutionary history of species
🗑
|
||||
| plasmolysis | cell shrink due to water loss
🗑
|
||||
| cell shrink due to water loss | plasmolysis
🗑
|
||||
| sucrose composed of | gluc + fruc
🗑
|
||||
| maltose comp of | 2 gluc
🗑
|
||||
| lactose comp of | galac + gluc
🗑
|
||||
| T or F earliest organism heterotrophs were obligate aerobes | F. obligate anaerobes
🗑
|
||||
| halophiles | bacteria living in salty environmnet
🗑
|
||||
| mendel suggested 2 theories | 1. law of indep assortment
2. law of segregation
🗑
|
||||
| pyrimidine has _ ring | 1
🗑
|
||||
| purine has _ ring | 2
🗑
|
||||
| voice box | larynx
🗑
|
||||
| head of bacteriophage, where DNA/RNA formed | caspid
🗑
|
||||
| caspid | head of bacteriophage, where DNA/RNA formed
🗑
|
||||
| interferons | cytokine (glycoprotein), produced in response to viral attack
🗑
|
||||
| cytokine (glycoprotein), produced in response to viral attack | interferons
🗑
|
||||
| algae in what kingdom | protista
🗑
|
||||
| carrying capacity | # of organisms that can be sustained by resources
🗑
|
||||
| pulse-chase exp | use radioactive label on protein to detect what's happening to it
🗑
|
||||
| optically inactive AA | glycine
🗑
|
||||
| ferns vascular or nonvascular | vascular
🗑
|
||||
| mosses vascular or nonvascular | nonvascular
🗑
|
||||
| in ferns spores produced from __ | sporangia
🗑
|
||||
| clusters of sporangia | sori
🗑
|
||||
| sori | clusters of sporangia
🗑
|
||||
| sori found in | ferns
🗑
|
||||
| source of sugar in photosynthesis | CO2
🗑
|
||||
| source of O2 in photosynthesis | H2O
🗑
|
||||
| a map unit is | 1% recomb frequency
🗑
|
||||
| K-selected population | low reproductive rate
🗑
|
||||
| R-selected population | high reproductive rate eg bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| agonistic behaviours | two animals compete
🗑
|
||||
| casparian strip | waxy band in plant.
🗑
|
||||
| most CO2 in body in form of | HCO3-
🗑
|
||||
| food and air cross over at | phayrnx
🗑
|
||||
| buffer system in intracellular fluid | H2PO4-, HPO42-
🗑
|
||||
| buffer system in extracellular fluid | HCO3-, H2CO32-
🗑
|
||||
| reabsorbed glucose from intestine carried to liver by | portal vein
🗑
|
||||
| capacitation | required for egg penetration, fertilzation
🗑
|
||||
| protoplasm | all material within cell
🗑
|
||||
| cytoplasm | all material within cell - nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| organ system | group of organs with related functions
🗑
|
||||
| aneurysm | fluid filled buldge in weaked wall of artery
🗑
|
||||
| insulin causes cell to become more/less permeable to glucose | more glut4 moved to surface allowing more gluc to move out of cell
🗑
|
||||
| true plastid | chloroplast
🗑
|
||||
| plastid in plants or animals | only in plants
🗑
|
||||
| smallest passages of lungs | bronchiole
🗑
|
||||
| aquatic animals excrete | ammonia
🗑
|
||||
| birds, reptiles, insects excrete | uric acid
🗑
|
||||
| flagellum compose of | MT + dynein, kinesin (9+2)
🗑
|
||||
| @ gastrula there are 3 layers, namely | endo, ecto, meso
🗑
|
||||
| 3 layers of skin | epidermis, dermis, hypodermis (subcutaneous)
🗑
|
||||
| lipid bilayer symmetric or nonsymmetric | nonsymmetric
🗑
|
||||
| lamarkian theory | not accepted anymore, acquired trait passed down to offspring
🗑
|
||||
| before DNA, __ was the universal genetic code | RNA
🗑
|
||||
| keratin | fibrous protien, makes skin waterproof
🗑
|
||||
| mesenchyme | stem cell for connective tissue
🗑
|
||||
| stem cell for connective tissue | mesenchyme
🗑
|
||||
| cori cycle | lactate->glucose
🗑
|
||||
| cori cycle occurs in what organ | liver
🗑
|
||||
| FA synth occurs in what part of cell | cytosol
🗑
|
||||
| primary protein modific site | golgi
🗑
|
||||
| somatic cell nuclear transfer | cloning technique, remove nucleus from somatic cell, implant into an egg
🗑
|
||||
| recombinant DNA technology (genetic engineering) | alter genome of an organism by having DNA transplanted in it, used to make insulin
🗑
|
||||
| plasmid | double stranded, circular DNA
🗑
|
||||
| vector DNA | DNA about to be altered
🗑
|
||||
| vector and donor DNA joined by | DNA ligase
🗑
|
||||
| when vector and donar DNA joined, forms | recombinant DNA
🗑
|
||||
| how insulin made via recombinant dna technology | join vector and donor DNA, introduce this rec. DNA to E-coli. E-coli replicates this recombinant DNA and produeces insulin
🗑
|
||||
| when extrachromosomal gene becomes a part of main chromosome, its called | episome
🗑
|
||||
| single gene affecting more than one phenotype | pleiotrophy
🗑
|
||||
| pleiotrophy | single gene affecting more than one phenotype
🗑
|
||||
| epstatic gene | cover up expression of another gene
🗑
|
||||
| cover up expression of another gene | epstatic gene
🗑
|
||||
| difference betw. epstasis and ordinary dominance | epstasis involves 2 different genes, whereas ordinary dominance deals with same type of gene
🗑
|
||||
| acrosome | cause breakdown of protective surface of egg
🗑
|
||||
| _ in sperm cause breakdown of protective surface of egg | acrosome
🗑
|
||||
| introns are traanscribed but not translated T or F | F neither transcribed nor translated
🗑
|
||||
| precursor to prokaryotes | protobionts
🗑
|
||||
| operant conditioning | reward & consequence(positive or negative) animal learns to associate action with consequence
🗑
|
||||
| 1 spermatogonia produces | 4 spermatozoa
🗑
|
||||
| secretion from prostate gland neutralizes ___ | seminal fluid
🗑
|
||||
| blood travels slowest in | capillary
🗑
|
||||
| first plant to have seeds | gymnosperm
🗑
|
||||
| paramecium | ciliated protozoa, contractile vacuole to remove H2O
🗑
|
||||
| in SDS, heavy protein appear on top/bottom light on top/bottom | top, bottom
🗑
|
||||
| longest stage of cell cycle | G1
🗑
|
||||
| cell cycle in order | G0, G1, S, G2, M
🗑
|
||||
| peptide hormone bdd on PM or in cell | on PM
🗑
|
||||
| steroid hormone bdd on PM or in cell | in cell
🗑
|
||||
| facultative anaerobe | live with or without O2, but grow better in presence of O2
🗑
|
||||
| O3 converts UV to __ | heat
🗑
|
||||
| __behavior precedes mating | courtship
🗑
|
||||
| mitoch in __ of sperm | midpiece
🗑
|
||||
| __ of sperm comes in contact with __ of egg | acrosome, zona pellucida
🗑
|
||||
| __ is the only AA capable of forming S-S | cystein
🗑
|
||||
| degree and type of DNA coiling controlled by | DNa topoisomer
🗑
|
||||
| ribosome has __ subunit | 2, each with rRNA and protein
🗑
|
||||
| valine | non polar AA
🗑
|
||||
| western blotting | identify protein
🗑
|
||||
| when protein denatured __ structures present | primary
🗑
|
||||
| modif of protein occurs in | RER and golgi
🗑
|
||||
| XX (female) has _ barr body | 1
🗑
|
||||
| XY (male) has _ barr body | 0
🗑
|
||||
| XXXXY has _ barr body | 3
🗑
|
||||
| uric acid removed by | kidney
🗑
|
||||
| bacterial phase | lytic (virulent), lysogenic (provirus)
🗑
|
||||
| stages of bacterial growth (Curve) | 1. lag
2. exp. growth
3. plateau
4. death
🗑
|
||||
| penicillin affect on bacteria | inhibit cell wall production
🗑
|
||||
| inclusions | material, energy storage in bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| what kind of immune response does prion disease cause | none
🗑
|
||||
| lipid absorbed in | jejunum, illeum
🗑
|
||||
| compound light microscope used for | viewing dead cell
🗑
|
||||
| phase contrast for | viewing living cell
🗑
|
||||
| cell wall of prokaryotes composed of | peptidoglycan
🗑
|
||||
| cell wall of fungi | chitin
🗑
|
||||
| cell wall of plants | cellulose
🗑
|
||||
| karyokenisis | division of nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| hermaphrodites | have functional male and female gondads
🗑
|
||||
| 3 binding sites on ribosome | 1 for mRNA
2 for tRNA (P and A sites)
🗑
|
||||
| disruptive selection | eliminate intermediate, favor extreme
🗑
|
||||
| stabilizing selection | favor intermediate, eliminate extremes
🗑
|
||||
| directional selection | eliminate one extreme
🗑
|
||||
| bryophytes includes__, and have dominant __ stage | mosses, liverwort, dominant gametophyte
🗑
|
||||
| angiosperm has dominant __ stage | sprophyte
🗑
|
||||
| transformation in bacteria | plasmid gets incorporated via recombination (episome)
🗑
|
||||
| conjugation in bacteria | F factor transferred to F-
🗑
|
||||
| transduction in bacteria | bacteriophage infects host cell
🗑
|
||||
| peritubular capillary | absorb H2O from loop of Henle
🗑
|
||||
| murmur | blood backflow caused by faulty heart valve
🗑
|
||||
| blood plasma | all components in blood - RBC
🗑
|
||||
| reticular activating system | startle response (involves complex reflexes)
🗑
|
||||
| startle response (involves complex reflexes) | reticular activating system
🗑
|
||||
| birds and animals flock, or herd together an example of | fixed action pattern
🗑
|
||||
| habituation | repeated stimulation results in decreased responsiveness to stimuli
🗑
|
||||
| repeated stimulation results in decreased responsiveness to stimuli | habituation
🗑
|
||||
| recovering from habituation called | spontaneous recovery
🗑
|
||||
| spontaneous recovery | recovery of lost responsiveness to stimuli over time
🗑
|
||||
| pavlovian conditioning known as | classical conditioning
🗑
|
||||
| classical conditioning aka | pavlovian conditioning
🗑
|
||||
| response learned thru Pavlovian conditioning refered to as | conditioned reflex
🗑
|
||||
| conditioned reflex | classical conditioning
🗑
|
||||
| dog drooling at smell of food eg of | innate reflex
🗑
|
||||
| after associating sound of bell to food, a dog salivates at the sound of bell alone. this is an eg of | conditioned reflex
🗑
|
||||
| operant conditioning | reward or reinforcement
🗑
|
||||
| reward or reinforcement conditioning aka | operant conditioning
🗑
|
||||
| pavlovian conditioning involves | associating neutral stimulus to a stimuli that is capable of triggering the response. ie. establishment of a new reflex
🗑
|
||||
| gradual elimination of response to stimuli due to lack of reinforcement | extinction
🗑
|
||||
| recovery of conditioned response after extinction called | spontaneous recovery
🗑
|
||||
| if light is not present during ___ visual effectors will not be developed properly. this is an eg of __ | visual critical period, critical period.
🗑
|
||||
| the heirarchy among members of the same species | pecking order
🗑
|
||||
| eg of autotrophic aerobes | plants, autotrophic aerobes (glucose is synthesized + oxidative phosphorylation)
🗑
|
||||
| eg of autotrophic anaerobes | chemosynthetic bacteria, (glucose synthesized + no O2 required to survive)
🗑
|
||||
| a group of cells with related function | tissue
🗑
|
||||
| a group of organs with relatied function | organ system
🗑
|
||||
| types of hormone | peptide, steroid, tyrosine derived
🗑
|
||||
| euk, prok ribosomes | euk - 80S,
prok - 70S
🗑
|
||||
| mutualism | relation in which both organisms benefit
🗑
|
||||
| symbiosis | mutualisitic, parasitic, commensal relationships
🗑
|
||||
| sperm has flagella or cilia | flagella
🗑
|
||||
| atrial natiuretic peptide | lowers blood volume
🗑
|
||||
| trypsin and chymotrypsin eg of __ enzyme which _ | protease, degrade peptide
🗑
|
||||
| eg of hormones derived from tyrosine | thyroid, E, NE
🗑
|
||||
| post trans modif of proteins occurs in | golgi
🗑
|
||||
| prokaryotes have/lack chloroplast | lack
🗑
|
||||
| auxin | plant hormone responsible for tendency of plant to bend towrds light
🗑
|
||||
| plant hormone responsible for tendency of plant to bend towrds light | auxin
🗑
|
||||
| heart from endo/ecto/meso | meso
🗑
|
||||
| pollen | male gametophyte
🗑
|
||||
| ferns in __ phylum | pterophyte
🗑
|
||||
| pterophyte includes | ferns
🗑
|
||||
| stomach digests/not digest protein | digest
🗑
|
||||
| stomach digests/not digest carbs | doesn't digest
🗑
|
||||
| amoeba in __ phylum | protista
🗑
|
||||
| paramecium in__ phylum | protista
🗑
|
||||
| paramecium has what kind of digestive system | none
🗑
|
||||
| protista has what kind of digestive system | none
🗑
|
||||
| annelids have what kind of digestive system | one-way, mouth and anus
🗑
|
||||
| RNA has same seq base as __ of DNA | sense strand
🗑
|
||||
| transcription starts at sense/anti-sense strand | anti-sense
🗑
|
||||
| light rxn occurs in | thylakoid
🗑
|
||||
| dark rxn aka, occurs in | calvin cycle, stroma
🗑
|
||||
| during light rxn what happens? | light E -> NADPT + ATP + O2
🗑
|
||||
| during calvin cycle what happens | CO2 incorporated to make G3P
🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria has how many origin of DNA replication | 1
🗑
|
||||
| eukaryotes have how many origin of DNA replication | many
🗑
|
||||
| helicase | unwind DNA at replic fork
🗑
|
||||
| unwind DNA at replic fork | helicase
🗑
|
||||
| topoisomerase | release tension during unwinding
🗑
|
||||
| release tension during unwinding | topoisomerase
🗑
|
||||
| promotor | specific seq of DNA where RNA poly. attaches to start transcription
🗑
|
||||
| specific seq of DNA where RNA poly. attaches to start transcription | promotor
🗑
|
||||
| monocot has how many cotyledon | 1
🗑
|
||||
| parallel leaf vein | monocot
🗑
|
||||
| net-like leaf vein | dicot
🗑
|
||||
| dicot has how many cotyledon | 2
🗑
|
||||
| __ have determinate cell cleavage | protostome
🗑
|
||||
| __ have indeterminate cell cleavage | deutrostome
🗑
|
||||
| seed plants | gymnosperm @ angiosperm
🗑
|
||||
| modified apical meristem | flower
🗑
|
||||
| __ give a rise to fruit | ovary
🗑
|
||||
| T or F plastids are organelles that produce food | T, eg. gluc. made in chloroplast via photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| ecosystem | functional unit, comprising biotic and abiotic components
🗑
|
||||
| entropy: disordering of universe T or F | F. it is a measure of unusuable energy
🗑
|
||||
| PGA -> PGAL during | dark rxn
🗑
|
||||
| CO2 in water is acidic/basic | acidic (produce H2CO3 -> H+ + HCO3-)
🗑
|
||||
| immune cells don't attack cells of its own body b/c | body eliminates immune cells that react to self.
🗑
|
||||
| __ develops into placenta | allantois
🗑
|
||||
| __ region of kidney has the lowest solute conc't | cortex
🗑
|
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