Translation True or False
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| True or False: The enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template is DNA polymerase. | False. The enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template is RNA polymerase.
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| True or False: The enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template is RNA polymerase. | True
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| True or False: RNApol requires an RNA template, rNTPs, and MG++. | False. RNApol requires a DNA template, rNTPs, and Mg++.
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| True or False: RNApol requires a DNA template, rNTPs, and MG++. | True
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| True or False: RNApol requires an RNA template, dNTPs, and MG++. | False. RNApol requires a DNA template, rNTPs, and Mg++.
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| True or False: RNApol requires a DNA template, dNTPs, and MG++. | False. RNApol requires a DNA template, rNTPs, and Mg++.
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| True or False: Synthesis is always in the 3' to 5' direction. | False. Synthesis is always in the 5' to 3' direction.
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| True or False: Synthesis is always in the 5' to 3' direction. | True
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| True or False: RNApol reads the template in the 3' to 5' direction. | True
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| True or False: RNApol reads the template in the 5' to 3' direction. | False. RNApol reads the template in the 3'to 5' direction
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| True or False: The free 5'OH of a growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP. | False. The free 3'OH of a growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP.
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| True or False: The free 3'OH of a growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP. | True
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| True or False: When the free 3'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released. | True
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| True or False: When the free 5'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released. | False. When the free 5'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released.
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| True or False: When the free 3'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a glycosidic bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released. | False. When the free 5'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released.
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| True or False: When the free 3'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is added to the molecule. | False. When the free 5'OH of the growing RNA strand attacks the alpha-phosphate of the incoming rNTP, a phosphodiester bond is formed and pyrophosphate is released.
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| True or False: Mg++ activates the 5'OH for the nucleophilic attack by the growing RNA strand. | False. Mg++ activates the 3'OH for the nucleophilic attack by the growing RNA strand.
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| True or False: Mg++ activates the 3'OH for the nucleophilic attack by the growing RNA strand. | True
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| True or False: The catalytic mechanism of RNA polymerase has 1 Mg++ ion which interacts with the free 3'OH of the growing chain and the alpha-phosphate of the NTP. | False. There are 2 Mg++ ions in the catalytic mechanism of RNA polymerase.
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| True or False: The catalytic mechanism of RNA polymerase has 2 Mg++ ion which interacts with the free 3'OH of the growing chain and the alpha-phosphate of the NTP. | True
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| True or False: RNApol has exonuclease activity for proofreading. | False. RNApol does NOT have exonuclease activity for proofreading.
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| True or False: RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific RNA sequences termed promoters. | False. RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific DNA sequences termed promoters.
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| True or False: RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific DNA sequences termed promoters. | True
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| True or False: RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific RNA sequences termed initiators. | False. RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific DNA sequences termed promoters.
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| True or False: RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific DNA sequences termed initiators. | False. RNA synthesis in transcription is regulated by specific DNA sequences termed promoters.
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| True or False: In transcription, elongation occurs in fits and starts in both initiation and elongation. | False. Unlike initiation, elongation is a highly processive process in transcription.
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| True or False: In transcription, elongation occurs in fits and starts in both initiation bu elongation is a highly processive process. | True
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| True or False: Bacterial mRNA is polycistronic. | True
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| True or False: Eukaryote mRNA is polycistronic. | False: Eukaryote mRNA is monocistronic. Bacterial mRNA is polycistronic.
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| True or False: Eukaryote tRNA is polycistronic. | True
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| True or False: In bacteria, transcription and translation are coupled. | True
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| True or False: In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are coupled. | False. In eukaryotes transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm; the two processes are uncoupled.
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| True or False: In eukaryotes transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm; the two processes are uncoupled. | True
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