notes on transcription + translation
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| polypeptide | string of amino acids
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| proteins | made up of amino acids; assembled on a ribosome
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| DNA replication | DNA double helix unwinds, becomes single-stranded, new strand forms using A-T, C-G, used to prepare for cell division, whole genome copied or replicated
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| DNA | double stranded, deoxyribose sugar, bases = C, G, A, T
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| RNA | single stranded, ribose sugar, bases = C, G, A, U
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| transcription | RNA forms base pairs with DNA
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| primary transcript | length of RNA that results from the process of transcription
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| mRNA | type of RNA that encodes information for the synthesis of proteins and carries it to a ribosome from the nucleus
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| RNA polymerase | complex of enzymes with 2 functions, unwind DNA sequence and produce primary transcript by stringing together the chain of RNA nucleotides
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| exons | coding regions
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| introns | non-coding regions
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| translation | second stage of protein production; mRNA on a ribosome; tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome
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| tRNA | transfer RNA; bound to 1 end anticodon on the other end complements mRNA codon
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| tRNA function | amino acids must be in the correct order for the protein to function correctly; tRNA lines up amino acids using mRNA code
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