Mid term review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the definition of life? | Something that includes all 8 life functions that living organisms perform
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| What are the 8 life functions? | 1. cellular respiration 2. Nutrition 3. Transport 4. Excretion 5. Synthesis 6. regulation 7. reproduction 8. Growth
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| What is Metabolism? | Food is converted into energy (cellular respiration, required to sustain life)
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| What is Homeostasis? | organisms stability (normal balance)
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| What is the basis for Classification? | Similarities in structures
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| What is the 5 kingdom system? | monera, Protista, fungi, plant, animal
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| monera | unicellular, no nuclear membrane
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| protista | unicellular with a nucleus
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| fungi | mostly multicellular, heterotrophs
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| plant | multicellular, autotroph
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| animal | multicellular, heterotroph
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| Nomenclature | Genus species (choosing of names for things)
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| Cell Theory | basic unit of structure and function in all living things (cells come from cells)
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| History of cell theory | Robert Hooke discovered cell with microscope describing relationship between cells and living things
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| What exceptions are there to the cell theory? | viruses, first cell, mitochondria and chloropast
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| Microscopes and other techniques for studying cells? | Compound, dissecting(stereo), simple, and centrifuge
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| Cell organelles | chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell membrane, ribosomes, nucleus, vacuole, cell wall
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| Do red blood cells have a nucleus? | no
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| What are the differences in plant and animal cells? | cell wall, chloroplast, and vacuoles
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| What makes up elements? | atoms
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| What don't inorganic compounds have? | carbon and hydrogen
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| What do organic compounds have? | carbon and hydrogen
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| What is dehydration synthesis? | removal or loss of water molecules
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| What is hydrolysis? | Big to small molecules (breaking down) reaction with water
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| What is the composition of a carbohydrate? | carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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| What is the structure of a carbohydrate? | 2:1 disaccharides:monosaccharides
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| Functions of a carbohydrate | energy, cellulose of a cell wall
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| Examples of carbohydrates | sugars, starches, polysaccharide,
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| What are lipids? | fats and oils
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| What is the composition of a lipid? | hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
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| What is the structure of a lipid? | large
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| what is the function of a lipid? | stores energy and makes up cell membrane
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| What is the composition of a protein? | nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
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| What is the structure of a protein? | a chain of amino acids
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| What is the function of a protein? | muscle, hair, etc... in a cell membrane
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| What are examples of proteins? | enzymes, hormones, anti bodies, hemoglobin
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| What are enzymes? | proteins that inniate change
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| What is the structure of an enzyme? | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
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| What is the function of an enzyme? | speed up chemical reactions
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| What is the lock and key model of an enzyme? | like a puzzle, 2 enzymes go together but have to fit together
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| What factors affect the rate of enzyme activity? | temperature, ph level, amount of enzymes and substrate
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| What is photosynthesis? | process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to create food
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| What is the difference in autotrophic and heterotrophic? | autotrophic make their own food, heterotrophic get food from other sources
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| What is the equation for photosynthesis? | 6CO^2+12H^2O---->c^6 H^12 o^6+6o^2+6h^2o
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| What are the stages of photosynthesis? | light reactions: water splits and oxygen is released
dark reactions: CO2 joins hydrogen from light reaction and forms glucose
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| What are the adaptations of photosynthesis? | algae and green plants structure of the leafs chloroplast
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| What is grana? | light part of chloroplast
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| What is stroma? | dark part of chloroplast
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| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | C6 H12 O6+6O2--->enzymes--->6CO2+6H2O+36ATP
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| What is anaerobic respiration? | makes very little energy without oxygen
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| What is aerobic respiration? | makes a lot of energy with oxygen
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| What are the adaptations for gas exchange in cellular respiration? | absorbed from environment and transported to where needed, carbon dioxide is released
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| What is cell membrane? | contains lipids and proteins, protects cell nucleus
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| What is passive transport? | diffusion, no energy needed, move from high to low concentration
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| What is active transport? | uses energy from the cell, move from high to low concentration
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| What are adaptations for transport? | cyclosis, root pressure
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| What is regulation? | The control and coordination of the life activities of an organism
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| What is nerve control? | stimulus that changes the response
receptors and effectors
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| What is the structure of a neuron? | one axon and multiple dendrites
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| What is the adaptations of regulation? | neurons that receive and transmit impulses (neurotransmitters)
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| What is chemical control of regulation? | transmits messages from one part to another (hormones-animals and ouxins-plants)
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| What is locomotion? | ability of an organism to move
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| Organisms with locomotion? | male gametes of moss and fern, algae, bacteria, flagella
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| What is excretion? | removal of waste products of metabolism
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| What types of waste are there in excretion? | CO2, H2O, nitrogenous wastes(ammonia, urea, uricacid)
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| Adaptations of excretion? | cell membranes, plant and algae
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| Name nutrients for human nutrition | carbohydrates(sugars), proteins(amino acids), lipids(3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol), vitamins, minerals, water
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| Organs and functions for human nutrition | small intestine: absorbtion and digestion of starches and proteins
stomach: digest all organisms and proteins
mouth: starches
large intestine: excretion
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| Accessory organs and functions of human nutrition | liver: produce bile stored in gall bladder
salivery glands, teeth, and tongue
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| Malfunctions of organs | not enough water
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| Needs/sections for Human Circulation | Blood, vessels, blood types, heart structure, immunity, organ transplant, and malfunctions
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| Connection of blood and circulation | flows through the vessels in circulatory system, tissue, no cells, helps maintain homestasis
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| Vessels and circulation | arteries(lymph vessels), capillaries (heart), veins
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| What are the 4 blood types? | a, b, o, ab
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| What is the structure of the heart? | 4 chambers (capillaries), ventricles, veins
heart>arteries>arteriols>capillaries>venules>veins>heart
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| How does immunity connect with circulation? | destroys harmful cells from entering circulation
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| Important factor of organ transplant? | same blood types needed for both donor and patient
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| Malfunctions of circulation? | diseases, clotting, wrong blood types
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Created by:
tbugbee
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