680 Qualitative Term Exam
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| When the researcher becomes the primary participant of the research in the process of writing and studying personal experience. | auto-ethnography
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| A preference for a given perspective based on a prejudiced orientation. | bias
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| An in-depth examination of a single instance to study a phenomena. | case study
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| The researcher analyzes the data for themes, aggregating information into large clusters of ideas and providing details that support the themes. | thematic analysis
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| A generalization about an aspect that enables a researcher to draw inferences about the future. | theory
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| The complete and literal description of the incident or entity being investigated. | thick description
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| Organizing information into categories, preparing for further analysis. | coding
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| The degree to which the results of a qualitative study could be confirmed (like replicated) by others. | confirmability
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| Meaning is constructued through interaction between the human and the world. | constructionism (constructivism)
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| A theoretical perspective that promotes social action while seeking to understand gender inequality. | feminism
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| A methodology that generates a theory to explain a process. | grounded theory
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| A lengthy interview; often consisting of multiple interviews with a small number of people. | in-depth interview
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| Individuals construct reality through their own lived experience. | interpretivism
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| A list of questions you intend to ask in an interview. | interview guide
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| Investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where, and when, to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior; data analysis does not use statistical techniques. | qualitative research
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| It is the process of sorting, arranging, coding and in other ways looking for patterns in data for the purpose of coming up with findings. (Bogdan & Biklen, 2003, p.258) -- Key words: sort, arrange, code, patterns, data. | analysis
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| This is the focus of attention for the ethonographer as he or she determines what people make and use, such as clothes and tools (cultural artifacts) (Spradley, 1980). --Key words: cultural, make and use, ethonographer's attention. | artifact
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| It outlines the research process and the evolution of codes, categories, and theory (Miles & Huberman, 1984) including chronological narrative entries of research activities (such as pre-entry conceptualizations, entry into the field, interviews, group ac | audit trail
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| (one of four criteria for trustworthiness) The process of the inquiry and the inquirers responsibility for ensuring that the process was logical, traceable, and documented. | dependability
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| A record relevant to a particular study i.e. interview transcripts, audio recordings, and photographs. | document
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| An emic account is culture-specific and indenginous to the culture not derived from the observer i.e. , how a particular group name their experience. | emic
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| When the research not only observes the culture-sharing group but also becomes a participant in the culture setting. | participant observation
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| Asking a colleague to comment on the findings as they emerge to check for plausibility. | peer check
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| Concept that all written and spoken accounts are not just about something but are also doing something; important consideration in self-reflection and biases. | reflexivity
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| The study and description of the essence of lived and conscious experiences of persons, not explanations or analyses (Creswell, p. 58). | phenomenology
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| Truth and meaning are discovered through scientific inquiry – in objective, experimental, non-biased ways, using manipulation and observation – to test hypotheses and look for cause and effect. | positivism
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| Uses scientific method of inquiry but takes more of a probabilistic rather than deterministic approach, acknowledges that we can disprove hypotheses, and believes in multiple perspectives rather than a single reality. | post-positivism
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| The study of the nature of knowledge and justification; (the theoretical perspective). | epistemology
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| A particular kind of qualitative inquiry (with an emphasis on field study) that describes and interprets cultural behavior. | ethnography
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| From an outside, 'experience-distant' perspective; (etic terms were developed by the social inquirer in order to describe and compare sociocultural systems;) had often been used as cultural category; is distinct from "emic." | etic
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| Checking informally with participants for accuracy during data collection; frequently done in participant observation studies. | member check
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| Technique for physically obtaining data to be analyzed, such as: observation, interview, focus group, and artifacts. | method
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| The study of the principles underlying the conduct of scientific inquiry; the overall research design or approach the researcher is taking, for example: grounded theory. | methodology
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| A theory of research that sought to discover the universal truths. Key Word examples – universal truths. | modernism
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| A theory of research that rejects the ability to discover absolute forms of knowledge. Key Word examples – defies universal definition, day to day experiences. | post-modernism
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| Paradigm is the worldview, whole framework of beliefs, values, and methods within which research takes place. Key Word examples – Worldview, values, beliefs. | paradigm
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| The researcher's experience in collecting data. | researcher experience
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| A literature review builds a knowledge-base of important ideas and concepts of a particular topic. | review of literature
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| Data saturation occurs when the researcher is no longer hearing or seeing new information of his/her research topic. | saturation
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| A verbatim conversion of conversation into written text | transcription
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| The use of several methods, sources, or investigators to confirm emerging data | triangulation
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| The process of determining whether or not a study is dependable based on such things as triangulation, member check, researcher's stance, and/or prolonged engagement in the field | trustworthiness
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| A background of beliefs, practices, influences, and meanings that can never be articulated. For example, culture, form of life, language, and tradition | context
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| An informal, unstructured method of inquiry into the interviewee's subjective experience, including feelings & emotions | conversational interview
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| Reconsiders the "givens" (concepts, understandings, cultural categories, that are taken for granted) by critiquing and revealing shortcomings and contradictions with the goal of reform | critical inquiry
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