Chapter 2 - Cell Structure and Function
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cell theory | 1. states that all living things are made of one or more cells
2. the cell is the smallest unit of life
3. all new cells come from preexisting cells
🗑
|
||||
| macromolecule | forms by joining many small molecules together
🗑
|
||||
| nucleic acids | are macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together
(contain genetic information)
🗑
|
||||
| proteins | are long chains of amino acids molecules
(communication, transport, chemical breakdown, structural support)
🗑
|
||||
| lipid | is a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water
(energy storage, protect membrane, communication)
🗑
|
||||
| carbohydrates | one sugar molecule, two sugar molecules or a lone chain of sugar molecules make up carbohydrates
(store energy, structural support, communication)
🗑
|
||||
| cell membrance | is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside a cell
🗑
|
||||
| cell wall | is a stiff structure outside the cell membrance that provides support and structure
( found only in plant cells )
🗑
|
||||
| cytoplasm | a fluid inside a cell that contains salt and other molecules
🗑
|
||||
| cytoskeleton | is a network of threadlike proteins that are joined together
🗑
|
||||
| chromosomes | rod-like objects in the nucleus. Responsible for passing on traits of the cell to new cells. Normal human body has 23 pairs.
🗑
|
||||
| cilia | short hair-like structures to help move the cell
🗑
|
||||
| flagella | is a long tail-like appendage that whips back and forth to help move a cell
🗑
|
||||
| vacuoles (central) | storage tank for food, water and waste products. Plants have more or larger ones than animal cells do
🗑
|
||||
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | passageway that transports materials within the cell
🗑
|
||||
| organelle | tiny organs or structures that make up the cell
🗑
|
||||
| chloroplasts | contains a pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight to make food called glucose (a simple sugar) for photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| golgi apparatus | packages proteins made from the ER into vesicles. Vesicles transport proteins where they're needed
🗑
|
||||
| vesicles | organelles that transport substances from one area of a cell to another area.
🗑
|
||||
| mitochondria | known as the POWER HOUSE. Energy is produced here. Also stores energy known as ATP which is used for growth, cell division and material transport.
🗑
|
||||
| lysosomes | found in animal cells but rarely in plant cells. Breaks down and recycles part of the cell to be used again
🗑
|
||||
| ribosomes | small organelles that make proteins. They can be found floating in the cytoplasm and attached to the ER. Made in the nucleolus
🗑
|
||||
| nucleolus | located inside the nucleus. Site or place where ribosomes are made
🗑
|
||||
| nucleus | directs all cell activities. Contains DNA - genetic information found inside chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| prokaryotic cells | cells that lack a membrane around genetic material. (no nucleus) ex: bacteria and archaea
🗑
|
||||
| eukaryotic cell | cells that contain organelles surrounded by membrane. (nucleus) ex: some protists, fungi, plant and animals
🗑
|
||||
| genetic material | DNA - and it controls all activities of the cell
🗑
|
||||
| centrioles | they help the cell to divide and make more cells
🗑
|
||||
| envelope | outer covering
🗑
|
||||
| function | purpose for which something is used
🗑
|
||||
| active transport | movement of substances through a cell membrane using the cell's energy
🗑
|
||||
| diffusion | movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
🗑
|
||||
| endocytosis | process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with a cell membrane
🗑
|
||||
| exocytosis | process during which a cell's vesicles release their content outside the cell
🗑
|
||||
| facilitated diffusion | when molecules pass through a cell membrane using transport proteins
🗑
|
||||
| osmosis | diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane
🗑
|
||||
| passive transport | movement of substances through a cell membrane without using energy
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
HOMSSeminar
Popular Science sets