MCC Med Term Unit 3
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| anatomical position | standing erect with palms turned forward; used as a position of reference for structures in the body
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| median plane | passing longitudinally through the middle of the body from front to back, dividing it into right & left halves
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| sagittal plane | a vertical plane passing through the body parallel to the median plane (or sagittal suture) dividing the body into left and right
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| transverse plane/horizontal plane | passing horizontally through the body at right angles to the mid-sagittal/median planes, dividing the body into upper and lower portions
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| apex | the top of a body, organ or part; tip; pointed end of a conical part
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| base | the lowest part or foundation of anything
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| medial/mesial | situated toward the midline of the body or a structure
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| lateral | farther from the median plane or midline of the body or a structure; pertaining to a side
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| anterior | situated at or directed toward the front
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| posterior | directed toward or situated at the back
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| ventral | directed toward or situated on the belly surface; pertaining to the abdomen
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| dorsal | pertaining to the back; denoting a position more toward the back surface
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| superior | situated above or directed upward
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| inferior | situated below or directed downward; in reference to the lower surface of a structure
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| internal | situated or occurring on the inside; medial structures
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| external | situated or occurring on the outside; situated toward or near the outside; lateral
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| proximal | nearest to a point of reference, as to a center or a median line or to the point of attachment or origin
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| distal; terminal | remote; farther from any point of reference
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| visceral | of or pertaining to the covering of an organ
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| parietal | of or pertaining to the outer walls of a cavity
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| intrinsic | situated entirely within or pertaining exclusively to a part
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| extrinsic | of external origin (or situated outside the part)
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| recumbent | lying down
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| erect | standing upright
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| cephalic | pertaining to the head or the head end of the body
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| cephalad | toward the head
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| caudal | situated more toward the cauda or tail; toward the inferior
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| caudad | directed toward the tail or distal end
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| palmar | pertaining to the palm of the hand
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| plantar | pertaining to the sole of the foot
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| volar | pertaining to sole or palm; indicating the flexor surface of the forearm wrist or hand
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| right lateral decubitis | when the subject lies on the right side
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| left lateral decubitis | when the subject lies on the left side
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| supine | lying on the back with face upward; position of hand palm facing upward
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| prone | lying horizontal with face downward; denoting the hand with palm turned downward
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| longitudinal | pertaining to a measurement in the direction of the long axis of an object, body or organ
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| horizontal | any plane of the erect body parallel to the horizon, dividing the body into upper and lower parts
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| transverse | at right angles to the long axis of any common part
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| greater/major | larger; above the minor
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| lesser/minor | smaller; below the greater
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| abduct | movement away from the median plane of the body or one of its parts
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| adduct | movement toward the median plane of the body
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| circumduct | movement of a body part in a circular motion
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| dorsiflex | process of bending a body part backward; backward flexion or bending
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| extend | the process of straightening a flexed limb
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| evert | the process of turning outward
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| flex | the process of bending a limb; the act of bending
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| prone | lying horizontal with face downward; process of turning the hand so the palm faces downward
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| rotate | the process of moving a body part around a central axis
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| supine | lying supine or face upward; process of turning the palm of the hand facing upward
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