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Vocabulary for "Species and Reproduction" Unit

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Term
Definition
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION   a type of reproduction in which one parent organism produces offspring without meiosis and fertilization  
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BUDDING   the process during which a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent  
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CLONING   a type of asexual reproduction performed in a laboratory that produces identical individuals from a cell or a cluster of cells taken from a multicellular organism  
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DIPLOID   a cell that has pairs of chromosomes  
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EGG   the female reproductive, or sex, cell; forms in an ovary  
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FERTILIZATION   a reproductive process in which a sperm joins with an egg  
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FISSION   cell division that forms two genetically identical cells  
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GENETICALLY IDENTICAL   all of the genetic information in two different organisms is the same  
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HAPLOID   a cell that has only one chromosome from each pair  
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HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOME   pairs of chromosomes that have genes for the same traits arranged in the same order  
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MEIOSIS   a process in which one diploid cell divides to make four haploid sex cells; function = forms sperm and egg cells  
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MENDELIAN GENETICS   dominant and recessive genes that come from two different parents  
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MITOSIS   function = growth, cell repair, some types of reproduction  
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REGENERATION   a type of asexual reproduction that occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent  
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REPRODUCTION   the natural process among organisms by which new individuals are generated  
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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION   a type of reproduction in which the genetic material from two different cells - a sperm and an egg - combine, producing an offspring  
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SPERM   a male reproductive, or sex, cell; forms in a testis  
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VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION   a form of asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a part of a parent plant  
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ZYGOTE   the new cell that forms when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell  
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Created by: jfeltner
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