osu outreach grad course Applied Behavioral Analysis
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| AB design
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| ABAB design
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| A student’s response competence implying their ability to perform a newly learned skill to some criterion of accuracy | acquisition
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| alternating treatments design
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| A stimulus that precedes a behavior | antecedent stimulus
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| Systematic application of behavioral principles to change socially significant behavior to a meaningful degree | applied behavior analysis
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| An object or event received in exchange for a specific number of points, tokens. etc. | backup reinforcers
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| Data that reflect the natural occurrence of the target behavior before intervention | baseline data
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| bar graph
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| Any observable and measurable act of an individual | behavior
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| A statement that communicates a proposed change in behavior | behavioral objective
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| An instructional procedure that reinforces individual responses in sequence; forming a complex behavior | chaining
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| Naturally existing or teacher-created circumstances under which a behavior is to be performed | conditions
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| Any stimulus presented contingent on a particular response | consequence
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| Placing contingencies for reinforcement into a written document | contracting
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| The behavior to be changed through intervention | dependent variable
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| A condition in which the student has not had access to a potential reinforcer | deprivation state
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| A philosophical belief that events follow certain fixed patterns | determinism
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| Reinforcing a more appropriate form of a behavior than the one in which the student is currently engaged | differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)
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| Reinforcing a response that is topographically incompatible with a behavior targeted for reduction | differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)
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| Delivering reinforcement when the number of responses in a specified period of time is less than or equal to a prescribed limit | differential reinforcement of lower rates of behavior (DRL)
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| Delivering reinforcement when the target behavior is not emitted for a specified period of time | differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)
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| Behaviors with a clearly discriminable beginning and ending | discrete behaviors
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| An antecedent that serves as an appropriate cue for occasioning a response results in reinforcement | discriminative stimulus (SD)
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| Recording the amount of time between the initiation of a response and its conclusion | duration recording
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| Statements providing the framework for planning an academic year or an entire unit of learning | educational goals
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| Recording a frequency count of behavior as it occurs within an observation period | event recording
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| Withholding all reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior to reduce the occurrence of the behavior | extinction
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| The second level (after acquisition) of student competence that describes the rate at which students accurately performs a response | fluency
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| The number of times a behavior occurs during an observation period | frequency
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| A quasi-causative relation that exists if the dependent variable changes in the desired direction with the introduction of the independent variable | functional relation
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| Gathering information in order to form a hypothesis as to variables occasioning or maintaining a behavior | functional assessment
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| Expansion of a student’s capability of performance beyond those conditions set for initial acquisition | generalization
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| The treatment or intervention that the experimenter manipulates in order to change a behavior | independent variable
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| A written educational plan developed for every school-aged student eligible for special education services | individualized educational program
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| A legal term meaning that the parents and student have been fully informed of all information relevant to the activity | informed consent
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| Schedules in which reinforcement follows some (but not all) correct or appropriate responses or follows a period of appropriate behaviors | intermittent schedules
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| An observational recording system in which the observer counts the number of intervals when the behavior occurs | interval recording
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| Any change in a person’s environment that is designed to change that person’s behavior | intervention
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| Recording the amount of time between the presentation of the SD and the initiation of a response | latency recording
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| Behavior that can be predicted by knowledge of antecedent events and a history of reinforcement | lawful behavior
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| The ability to perform a response over time; even after systematic applied behavior procedures have been withdrawn | maintenance
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| Demonstrating a desired behavior in order to prompt an imitative response | modeling
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| multiple baseline design
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| The contingent removal of an aversive stimulus immediately following a response that increases the future probability of the response | negative reinforcement
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| Providing concrete examples of a target behavior | operational definition
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| Providing students with more practice than is required for initial mastery | overlearning
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| Simultaneous presentation of primary and secondary reinforcers to condition the secondary reinforcer | pairing
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| Recording tangible items or environmental effects that result from a behavior | permanent product recording
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| The contingent presentation of a stimulus immediately following a response, which increases the future probability of the response | positive reinforcement
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| A principle stating that any high-probability activity may serve as a positive reinforcer for any low-probability activity | Premack principle
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| Stimuli that may have biological importance to an individual; such stimuli are innately motivating | primary reinforcers
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| Collection of data at scheduled intervals rather than continuously | probes
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| An added stimulus that increases the probability that the SD will occasion the desired response | prompt
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| The contingent presentation of a stimulus immediately following a response, which decreases the future probability of the esponse | Punishment
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| The consistency of data collection reports among independent observers | reliability
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| Unprogrammed changes in similar behaviors when a target behavior is modified | response generalization
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| A condition that occurs when there is no longer a state of deprivation | satiation
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| The process by which students provide themselves with prompts in order to direct or maintain a particular behavior | self-instruction
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| Data collection on one’s own behavior | self-recording
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| Administering consequences to oneself | self-reinforcement
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| Circumstances in an individual’s life that temporarily alter the power of reinforcers | setting events
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| Teaching new behaviors through differential reinforcement of successive approximations to a specified target behavior | shaping
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| The importance of behaviors changed to the community; the acceptability of procedures to consumers | social validity
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| A set of characteristics shared by all members of a set and only the members of that set | stimulus class
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| The relation in which an antecedent causes or cues the behavior to occur. Repeated occurrences of the behavior depend on its being reinforced | stimulus control
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| Performance under condition other than those present during acquisition | stimulus generalization
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| The process of breaking down a complex behavior into its component parts | task analysis
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| The ultimate goal of an intervention | terminal behavior
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| A discrete opportunity for occurrence of a behavior | trial
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| Attributes unique to the individual involved in the study or to conditions associated with the environment of the study | variable
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| Consent obtained without recourse to threats or rewards | voluntary consent
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