Fungi
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| blastomycoses | ulcerative skin and bone lesions
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| W-1 glycoprotein surface antigen | blastomycoses
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| chicago disease | blastomycoses
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| cave/spelunker`s disase | histoplasmosis
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| leads to pericarditis amd mediastenal fibrosis | histoplasmosis
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| granulomas and TB-like lesions | histoplasmosis
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| dematiaceous fungi | Chromoblastomysosis
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| cauliflower-like wart lesions | Chromoblastomysosis
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| might be treated with chemotherapy or surgery | Chromoblastomysosis
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| long hyphae with rosetta pattern | Lymphocutaneous Sporotrichosis
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| thick walls, rough macro and rare micro | Microsporum
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| thin walls, smooth marco, many micro | Trichophyton
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| smooth macro, no micro | Epidermophyton
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| tinea capitis Tx | griseofulvum
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| dont normally elicit IM response | Superficial mycoses
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| spaghetti and meatball fungus | Malassezia furfur (-> versicolor)
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| painful ulcers of oral , nasal, GI mucosa | paracoccidiomycosis
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| chiefly affects men | paracoccidiomycosis
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| endemic in S. America | paracoccidiomycosis
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| desert rheumatism | coccidiomycosis
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| fungus spread by dust storms | coccodiomycosis
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| virulence via arthroconidia | coccodiomycosis
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| urease -> alkaline halo | coccodiomycosis
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| clacification of infected lesions | coccodiomycosis
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| C. immitis | coccodiomycosis
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| most prevalent fungal pathogen in the US | cryptococcis
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| found in droppings of pigeons and eucalyptus | cryptococcis
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| only exist in yeast form | cryptococcis
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| contain capsule (unique for fungi) | cryptococcis
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| produce melanin | cryptococcis
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| pneumonia and lung nodules | cryptococcis
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| might lead to meningtis | cryptococcis
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| lung cancer-like lesion | cryptococcis
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| alfatoxin | aspergillosis
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| induce hepatoma | aspergillosis
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| fungus balls = mycetoma | aspergillosis
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| exist only in hyphal state | aspergillosis
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| via BV -> brain | aspergillosis
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| gliotoxin | aspergillosis
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| diabetes, leukopeina | zygomycosis
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| rhinocerebral form -> 85% mortality | zygomycosis
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| most common resp infection in late state HIV | pneumocystis jirveci
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| can transmit from human to human | pneumocystis jirveci
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| not very responsive to anti-fungal Tx | pneumocystis jirveci
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| exist in pulm interstitial tissue (sporocyst) | pneumocystis jirveci
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| ground glass appearance on lung X-ray | pneumocystis jirveci
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| death from asphyxiation | pneumocystis jirveci
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| disrupt heme P-450 | azoles
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| dont absorb from the gut | polyenes
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| requires acidic pH (oral med) | ketoconazole
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| 5-flurocytosine | nucleoside analog
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| drug: enters CSF | 5-flurocytosine
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| drug: interact with tubulin (protein involved in Mit) | griseofulvin
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| drug: interferes with CW synthesis | echinocandins: caspofungin
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| candida reproduction | Asexual budding
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| candida yeast form | blastospore/conidia
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| candida hyphal form | aka mycelial (germ tubes or pseudohyphae)
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| anaerobes | candida
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| tolerates pH from 2 to 9 | candida
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| denture wearers + salivary hypofxn | candida glabrate
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| steroids act as nutrients for | candida
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| localized, painless hyperemia on the palate | chronic erythematous candidiasis
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| perleche | erythematous areas at the corners of mouth
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| perleche | angular chelitis
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| tissue damage by hyphal invasion of heart, SC, urethra | systemic candidiasis
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| candida attachment | fibronectin and laminin on damaged tissue
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| secretes aspartic proteinase and lipase | candida
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| most effective anti-candida IM reponse | PMN`s or CMI
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| high frequency phenotopic switching | candida
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| germ tube formation | candida
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| chlamydospores | candida
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| 2 swish and swallow drugs | Nystatin and clotrimazole
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