| Question |
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| Answer |
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| What is anatomy |
the study of a body or organism's gross structure |
| What is physiology |
the science and study of the functions of vital processes mechanisms and functions of an organ or system of organs. |
| What is kinesiology |
the scientific study of muscular activity and the anatomy physiology and mechanics of movement |
| What is histology |
a form of microscopic anatomy. It is a branch of biology that studies microscopic structures of tissues and living organisms |
| What is pathology |
the study of the structural and functional changes caused by disease |
| Why is anatomy and physiology important to massage |
thereputic massage directly affects the structure and function of the body
understanding the relation between structure and function increases the therapist's ability to improve function through specific touch |
| what is homeostasis |
the balance achieved in the body's internal environment |
| why is homeostasis needed |
external stresses placed on the body move the body out of balance, which can lead to disease |
| what are signs of disease |
scientifically observable indications of a diseased state, fever abnormal heart rate or skin color, sweating |
| what are symptoms of disease |
manifestations of the diseased state perceived by the victim of a condition, cannot be measured by a doctor, dizziness, chills, pain, numbness or fatigue |
| what is stress |
any psychological or physical situation or condition that causes tension or strain on the body, can be positive or negative moves the body away from homeostasis |
| what is pain |
primary sensation indicating tissue damage or destruction somewhere in the body |
| what is ischemia |
reduced blood flow to an area |
| What is an infection |
most common cause of disease in humans is the invasion of the body by harmful micro organisms ex bacteria, viruses fungi |
| what is inflammation |
destruction of healthy tissue will result in inflammation which is a protective tissue ersponse characterized by swelling, heat redness and pain |
| Sagittal or Parasagittal |
divides the body into unequal left and right halves |
| Midsagittal or Median |
the plane that runs along the midline and divides the body into equal right and left halves |
| Coronal or Frontal |
the plane that divides the body into Anterior and Posterior halves |
| Transverse or Cross Horizontal |
the plane that divides the body or a limb into Superior and Inferior halves, not necessary equal |
| Superior |
Above |
| Cranial |
Toward the head |
| Inferior |
lower than another structure |
| Caudal |
refers to a structure being closer to the feet |
| Anterior |
refers to a structure being more in front than another structure |
| Ventral |
pertaining to organs found in the front |
| Posterior |
refers to a structure being more in the back than another structure |
| Dorsal |
pertaining to the organs found in the back |
| Medial |
towards the midline, closer to the median plane than another structure |
| Lateral |
away from the midline, being farther away from the mdian plane than another structure |
| Proximal |
nearest to the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY, closer to the root of the limb than another structure |
| Distal |
farthest from the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY further away from the root of the limb than another structure IN THAT LIMB |
| Dorsal Cavity 2 parts |
cranial (brain) and Spinal (spinal cord) |
| Ventral Cavity 3 parts |
thoracic cavity (heart lungs) abdominal cavity (liver large intestine) pelvic (reproductive, rectum) |
| Frontal |
Forehead |
| Temporal |
temples |
| cervical |
neck |
| deltoid |
shoulder |
| brachial |
arm between the elbow and the shoulder |
| axillary |
armpit |
| hypochondrium |
below the ribs |
| umbilical |
naval |
| hypogastric |
below umbilical region |
| patellar |
knee |
| femoral |
thigh |
| inguinal |
groin |
| epigastric |
above the umbilical region |
| pectoral |
chest |
| parietal |
part of the head that yamaka sits on |
| mastoid |
behind the ear |
| cervical |
neck |
| scapular |
shoulder blade |
| lumbar |
lower back |
| gluteal |
buttocks |
| popliteal |
behind the knee |
| Head divided 2 parts |
cranium (brain) and face, eyes nose and mouth |
| Spine |
supports the head and trunk of the body, spinal cord |
| Trunk divided 3 parts |
thorax -- upper part of the trunk containing the ribs, lungs, heart, espohagus and part of trachea, abdomen and pelvic cavity |
| Upper extremities contain... |
shoulders, arms wrist and hands |
| Lower extremities contain... |
hip, thigh, legs, ankles and feet |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
