Chapter 4
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| What is anatomy | the study of a body or organism's gross structure | ||||
| What is physiology | the science and study of the functions of vital processes mechanisms and functions of an organ or system of organs. | ||||
| What is kinesiology | the scientific study of muscular activity and the anatomy physiology and mechanics of movement | ||||
| What is histology | a form of microscopic anatomy. It is a branch of biology that studies microscopic structures of tissues and living organisms | ||||
| What is pathology | the study of the structural and functional changes caused by disease | ||||
| Why is anatomy and physiology important to massage | thereputic massage directly affects the structure and function of the body understanding the relation between structure and function increases the therapist's ability to improve function through specific touch | ||||
| what is homeostasis | the balance achieved in the body's internal environment | ||||
| why is homeostasis needed | external stresses placed on the body move the body out of balance, which can lead to disease | ||||
| what are signs of disease | scientifically observable indications of a diseased state, fever abnormal heart rate or skin color, sweating | ||||
| what are symptoms of disease | manifestations of the diseased state perceived by the victim of a condition, cannot be measured by a doctor, dizziness, chills, pain, numbness or fatigue | ||||
| what is stress | any psychological or physical situation or condition that causes tension or strain on the body, can be positive or negative moves the body away from homeostasis | ||||
| what is pain | primary sensation indicating tissue damage or destruction somewhere in the body | ||||
| what is ischemia | reduced blood flow to an area | ||||
| What is an infection | most common cause of disease in humans is the invasion of the body by harmful micro organisms ex bacteria, viruses fungi | ||||
| what is inflammation | destruction of healthy tissue will result in inflammation which is a protective tissue ersponse characterized by swelling, heat redness and pain | ||||
| Sagittal or Parasagittal | divides the body into unequal left and right halves | ||||
| Midsagittal or Median | the plane that runs along the midline and divides the body into equal right and left halves | ||||
| Coronal or Frontal | the plane that divides the body into Anterior and Posterior halves | ||||
| Transverse or Cross Horizontal | the plane that divides the body or a limb into Superior and Inferior halves, not necessary equal | ||||
| Superior | Above | ||||
| Cranial | Toward the head | ||||
| Inferior | lower than another structure | ||||
| Caudal | refers to a structure being closer to the feet | ||||
| Anterior | refers to a structure being more in front than another structure | ||||
| Ventral | pertaining to organs found in the front | ||||
| Posterior | refers to a structure being more in the back than another structure | ||||
| Dorsal | pertaining to the organs found in the back | ||||
| Medial | towards the midline, closer to the median plane than another structure | ||||
| Lateral | away from the midline, being farther away from the mdian plane than another structure | ||||
| Proximal | nearest to the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY, closer to the root of the limb than another structure | ||||
| Distal | farthest from the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY further away from the root of the limb than another structure IN THAT LIMB | ||||
| Dorsal Cavity 2 parts | cranial (brain) and Spinal (spinal cord) | ||||
| Ventral Cavity 3 parts | thoracic cavity (heart lungs) abdominal cavity (liver large intestine) pelvic (reproductive, rectum) | ||||
| Frontal | Forehead | ||||
| Temporal | temples | ||||
| cervical | neck | ||||
| deltoid | shoulder | ||||
| brachial | arm between the elbow and the shoulder | ||||
| axillary | armpit | ||||
| hypochondrium | below the ribs | ||||
| umbilical | naval | ||||
| hypogastric | below umbilical region | ||||
| patellar | knee | ||||
| femoral | thigh | ||||
| inguinal | groin | ||||
| epigastric | above the umbilical region | ||||
| pectoral | chest | ||||
| parietal | part of the head that yamaka sits on | ||||
| mastoid | behind the ear | ||||
| cervical | neck | ||||
| scapular | shoulder blade | ||||
| lumbar | lower back | ||||
| gluteal | buttocks | ||||
| popliteal | behind the knee | ||||
| Head divided 2 parts | cranium (brain) and face, eyes nose and mouth | ||||
| Spine | supports the head and trunk of the body, spinal cord | ||||
| Trunk divided 3 parts | thorax -- upper part of the trunk containing the ribs, lungs, heart, espohagus and part of trachea, abdomen and pelvic cavity | ||||
| Upper extremities contain... | shoulders, arms wrist and hands | ||||
| Lower extremities contain... | hip, thigh, legs, ankles and feet |
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Created by:
Synergy Healing
on 2008-06-11