Chapter 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is anatomy | the study of a body or organism's gross structure
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| What is physiology | the science and study of the functions of vital processes mechanisms and functions of an organ or system of organs.
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| What is kinesiology | the scientific study of muscular activity and the anatomy physiology and mechanics of movement
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| What is histology | a form of microscopic anatomy. It is a branch of biology that studies microscopic structures of tissues and living organisms
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| What is pathology | the study of the structural and functional changes caused by disease
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| Why is anatomy and physiology important to massage | thereputic massage directly affects the structure and function of the body
understanding the relation between structure and function increases the therapist's ability to improve function through specific touch
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| what is homeostasis | the balance achieved in the body's internal environment
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| why is homeostasis needed | external stresses placed on the body move the body out of balance, which can lead to disease
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| what are signs of disease | scientifically observable indications of a diseased state, fever abnormal heart rate or skin color, sweating
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| what are symptoms of disease | manifestations of the diseased state perceived by the victim of a condition, cannot be measured by a doctor, dizziness, chills, pain, numbness or fatigue
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| what is stress | any psychological or physical situation or condition that causes tension or strain on the body, can be positive or negative moves the body away from homeostasis
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| what is pain | primary sensation indicating tissue damage or destruction somewhere in the body
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| what is ischemia | reduced blood flow to an area
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| What is an infection | most common cause of disease in humans is the invasion of the body by harmful micro organisms ex bacteria, viruses fungi
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| what is inflammation | destruction of healthy tissue will result in inflammation which is a protective tissue ersponse characterized by swelling, heat redness and pain
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| Sagittal or Parasagittal | divides the body into unequal left and right halves
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| Midsagittal or Median | the plane that runs along the midline and divides the body into equal right and left halves
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| Coronal or Frontal | the plane that divides the body into Anterior and Posterior halves
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| Transverse or Cross Horizontal | the plane that divides the body or a limb into Superior and Inferior halves, not necessary equal
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| Superior | Above
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| Cranial | Toward the head
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| Inferior | lower than another structure
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| Caudal | refers to a structure being closer to the feet
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| Anterior | refers to a structure being more in front than another structure
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| Ventral | pertaining to organs found in the front
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| Posterior | refers to a structure being more in the back than another structure
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| Dorsal | pertaining to the organs found in the back
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| Medial | towards the midline, closer to the median plane than another structure
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| Lateral | away from the midline, being farther away from the mdian plane than another structure
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| Proximal | nearest to the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY, closer to the root of the limb than another structure
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| Distal | farthest from the point of attachment (trunk) LIMBS ONLY further away from the root of the limb than another structure IN THAT LIMB
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| Dorsal Cavity 2 parts | cranial (brain) and Spinal (spinal cord)
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| Ventral Cavity 3 parts | thoracic cavity (heart lungs) abdominal cavity (liver large intestine) pelvic (reproductive, rectum)
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| Frontal | Forehead
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| Temporal | temples
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| cervical | neck
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| deltoid | shoulder
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| brachial | arm between the elbow and the shoulder
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| axillary | armpit
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| hypochondrium | below the ribs
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| umbilical | naval
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| hypogastric | below umbilical region
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| patellar | knee
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| femoral | thigh
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| inguinal | groin
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| epigastric | above the umbilical region
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| pectoral | chest
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| parietal | part of the head that yamaka sits on
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| mastoid | behind the ear
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| cervical | neck
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| scapular | shoulder blade
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| lumbar | lower back
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| gluteal | buttocks
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| popliteal | behind the knee
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| Head divided 2 parts | cranium (brain) and face, eyes nose and mouth
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| Spine | supports the head and trunk of the body, spinal cord
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| Trunk divided 3 parts | thorax -- upper part of the trunk containing the ribs, lungs, heart, espohagus and part of trachea, abdomen and pelvic cavity
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| Upper extremities contain... | shoulders, arms wrist and hands
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| Lower extremities contain... | hip, thigh, legs, ankles and feet
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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