World History II SOL Review 19th Centry
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| What was the powerful legacy for world history left by the French Revolution: | secular society, nationalism, and democratic ideas
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| Napoleon's attempt to unify Europe under French dominatin was - | unsuccessful
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| The ___ ___ attempted to restore Europe as it had been before the French Revolution and Napoleonice conquests. | Congress of Vienna
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| What was the legacy of Napolean? | Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under French domination, Napoleonic Code, Awakened feelings of national pride and growth of nationalism
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| What was the significance of the Congress of Vienna? | "Balance of Power" doctrine, Restoration of monarchies, New political nap of Europe, New political philosophies (liberalism, conservatism)
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| The rise of _____ was a powerful force behind European politics during the nineteenth century. | nationalism
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| Widespread demands ____ ____ for led to revolutions and legislative actions in Europe. | political rights
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| National pride, economic competition, and democratic ideals stimulated the growth of - | nationalism
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| The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to | widespread discontent in Europe
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| Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 increased - | nationalistic tensions
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| In contrast to continental Europe, Great Britain expanded political rights through - | legislative means
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| Slavery was made illegal in - | the British Empire
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| ____ and ____ became nation-states long after the rest of Europe | Italy - Germany
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| What events led to unification of Italy? | Count Cavour unified Northern Italy, Giuseppe Garibaldi joined southern Italy to northern Italy, The Papal States (including Rome) became the last to join Italy.
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| Who unified Northern Italy? | Count Cavour
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| Who Joined southern Italy to northern Italy? | Giuseppe Garibaldi
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| The ___ ___ (including Rome) became the last to join Italy. | Papal States
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| What role did Otto von Bismarch play in the unification of Germany? | Led Prussia in the unification of Germany through war and by appealing to nationalist feelings. His actions were seen as an example of Realpolitik-justifies all means to achieve and hold power. The Franco-Prussian War led to the creation of the German sta
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| ____ led Prussia in the unification of Germany through war and by appealing to nationalist feeling | Otto von Bismarck
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| Bismarck's actions were seen as an example of _____, which justifies all means to achieve and hold power. | Realpolitik
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| What is Realpolitik? | It justifies all means to achieve and hold power.
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| The ____ - ____ War led to the creation of the German state. | Franco-Prussian
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| The Industrial Revolution began in ____, and spread to - | England -- the rest of Western Europe and the United States.
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| With the Industrial Revolution, came an increased demand for ____ ____ from the Americas, Asia, and Africa. | raw materials
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| Advancements in ____ produced the Industrial Revolution, while advancements in ___ and ___ altered the lives of people living in the new industrial cities. ____ changes soon followed. | technology, science and medicine, Cultural
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| Why did the Industrial Revolution originate in England? | Origin in England, because of its natural resources like coal, iron ore, and the invention and improvement of the steam engine.
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| The Industrial Revolution began in ____ and spread to Europe and the U.S. | England
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| What were some of the technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution? | James Watt - Steam engine, Eli Whitney - Cotton gin, Henry Bessemer - Process for making steel
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| Who invented the steam engine? | James Watt
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| Who invented the cotton gin? | Eli Whitney
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| What did Henry Bessemer do? | Invented a process for making steel.
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| Edward Jenner - | Developed smallpox vaccination
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| Louis Pasteur - | Discovered bacteria
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| How did the Industrial Revolution produce changes in culture and society? | Population increase; Increased standards of living for many, though not all; Improved transportation; Urbanization: Environmental pollution; Increased education: Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions; Growth of the middle class
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| The Industrial Revolution was fueled by - | market competition and capitalism
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| Who wrote Wealth of Nations? | Adam Smith
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| Capitalism produced - | Dissatisfaction with poor working conditions and the unequal distribution of wealth in society
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| What were some theories opposed to capitalism? | Socialism and Communism
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| Karl Marx and Frederick Engels wrote - | The Communist Manifesto
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| Communists wanted the ___ or wealth | redistribution
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| Agricultural economies were based on - | the family unit
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| The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on the structure and function of - | the family
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| The Industrial Revolution placed new demands on the labor of men, women, and children. Workers organized ____ ___ to fight for improved working conditions and workers' rights. | labor unions
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| How did the Industrial Revolution impact the lives of women, children, and the family? | Family-based cottage industrial displaced by the factory system; Harsh working conditions with men competing with women and children for wages; Child labor that kept costs of production low and profits high; owners of mines and factories who exercised con
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| During the Industrial Revolution, the factory system displaced - | family-based cottage industries
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| What kept costs of production low and profits high? | The cotton gin increased demand for slave labor on American plantations. The United States and Britain outlawed the slave trade and then slavery.
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| The cotton gin increased demand for ____ on American plantations. | slave labor
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| What were the social effects of the Industrial Revolution? | Women and children entering the workplace as cheap labor; Introduction of reforms to end child labor; Expansion of education; Women's increased demands for suffrage.
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| Why did workers organize into labor unions? | Encouraged worker-organized strikes to increase wages and improve working conditions. Lobbied for laws to improve the lives of workers, including women and children. Wanted worker rights and collective bargaining between labor and management.
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| Industrial nations in Europe needed ____ and ____ to expand their economies. | natural resources and markets
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| ____ spread economic, political, and social philosophies of Europe throughout the world. | Imperialism
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| Why did European countries participate in imperialism and a race for colonies? | Nationalism motivated European nations to compete for colonial possessions.
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| Industrially-produced goods flooded colonial markets and displaced - | their traditional industries
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| 3 forms of imperialism: | Colonies, Protectorates, and Spheres of influence
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| Imperialism in Africa and Asia- European domination; European conflicts carried to the colonies; Christian missionary efforts; Spheres of influence in ___; Suez Canal; ___ ___ ___ domination of Indian states; American opening of ____ to trade | China, East India Company's; Japan
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| What were the responses of colonized peoples? | Armed conflicts (Events leading to the Boxer Rebellion in China); Rise of nationalism (first Indian nationalist party founded in the mid-1800s)
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