Health chapter 8
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| Examples of Physical Changes in the body | - increase in height/weight
- motor sensory adaptation
- development of te sex organs
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| Examples of development include increases in | - intellectual ability
- variety in expression of emotions
- ability to cope w complex situations
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| Key concepts in human growth and development | physical, cognitive, and psychosocial
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| What is Eriksons stages of psychosocial development | The psychosocial aspects of each life stage based on psychosocial development occurs as the results of resolving specific types of conflicts encountered each stage
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| Things that can delay Eriksons stages | stress, illness
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| Stages: Infancy toddler preschooler | birth- 1 year. trust vs mistrust
1-3 autonomy vs shame
3-6 inititative vs guilt
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| stages school age adolescence young adult middle adlut late adult | 6-12 industry vs inferiority
12-30 identity vs role confusion
20s,30s intimacy vs isolation
40-65 generativity vs stagnation
65- ego integrity vs despair
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| Define Growth | refers to the physical changes that takes place in the body
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| Factors that affect physical growth | - adequate supplies of food
- exercise
- access to health care
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| Areas that are not completely by genetics | personality, intellect, family relationships, cultural customs, religion, education, physical health
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| Define Zygote | The cell formed when the two reproductv cells join and containes all genetic info from both parents
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| Define prenatal period | begins w contraception and ends with birth
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| Who are the baby boomers? | Generation born passed WWII and encompass 79 million babies born in us between 1946-1964. They are healthier, more active, better educated and affluent and work longer
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| Why is it important for health care professonals to understand the milestones | - care to all ages
- always exceptions
- age appropriate communcation and care
- generalizations cannot take place
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| Define cognitive | Refers to the intellectul process and includes thought awareness, and the ability to rationally comprehend the world and determine meaning
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| define psychosocial | include psychological and social development. psychological- emotions, additutes and other aspects of the mind. social- relationships with members of society
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| define physical | growth of the body, including motor sensory adaptation
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| define development | refers to the increase in mental, emotional and social capabilities of the individual
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| define embryo stage | period from the 2nd to 8th week of fertilization
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| what is a fetus | 8 weeks till birth the embryo is called this
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| when a baby is 4 weeks (1 month) | half the size of a pea
heart is beating
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| when baby is 8 weeks ( 2 months) | approx 1 inch
resembles a human
all organs being to form
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| when a baby is 12 weeks | 2 1/2- 3 inches
fully formed
swallow and kick
external genitalia formed
male/female can be determined
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| when a baby is 24 weeks | 1/2 - 2 pounds
eyelids open and can move
eyebrows, lashes and taste buds
can hear mother
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| when a baby is 40 weeks | fetal development complete
6-8 pounds
19-22 inches
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| what is a neonate | during 1st month of life
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| what must infants recieve to have normal and mental development | adequate tactile stimulation (touching, cuddling, hugging)
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| care considerations for prenatal | emphasize care of mother, address unhealthy habbits, assist mother in developing strategies, educate mother about needs for good nutrition
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| care considerations for infancy | involve parents in care, provide for safety, avoid playing with removable parts, cuddle and hug infants, obtain weight, height ect.
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| care considerations for toddler | use direct approach, distract and use game approach, give one direction at a time, involve toddlers in their care, simple explanations, set limits
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| care considerations for preschooler | explain procedures, encourage verbal skills, praise good behavior, allow them to make choices
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| care considerations for school aged child | explain procedures, provide privacy, define behavior limits, encourage independence, educate w visual aids
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| care considerations for adolescence | give explanations, encourage questions, involve them, provide privacy, determine how they learn best and adapt and approach
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| care considerations for young adults | involve significant other, watch body language, asses them for stress, involve them, provide teaching according 2 learning style
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| care considerations for middle adults | involve them, encourage self care, explore their concept of illness, proving teaching learning style, encourage good lifestyle changes
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| care considerations for later adulthood young-old | (65-74) encourage discussion about work plants, social activity with peers, encourage active thinking, assist with adjustment to new roles
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| care considerations for middle-old | (75-84) explore support systems, talk about their feelings of loss, provide support, safe comfortable environment, be alert
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| care considerations for old-old | 85 plus. encourage independence, support end of life decisions, assist with self care, be sensitive to sensory impairments, provide care to maintain regualar bowel movements
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