6th ScienceMSL
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| folded mountain, | formed when layers are squeezed together and pushed upwards
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| fault-block mountain, | formed when tension of tectonic plates causes large blocks of the Earth's crust to drop down relative to other blocks
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| deposition, | The process in which material is laid down
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| transform boundary, | A fault that lies directly along the boundary line
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| convergent boundary, | When two plates smash into each other causing earthquake
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| divergent boundary, | When two plates drift away from each other causing magma to rise
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| faults, | A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another
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| seismic waves, | Waves of energy above Earths surface that go in different directions during an earthquake
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| epicenter, | A spot above the focus on Earth's surface
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| volcano, | A vent in Earths surface through which magma and gases are expelled
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| lava, | magma that comes above the surface through faults and volcanoes
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| magma, | melting rock underneath the surface
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| earthquakes, | a violent shaking of the Earth's crust when tectonic plates move
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| focus point, | the point under the surface of the Earth that is where the earthquake starts
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| stress, | Pressure or tension put on a material object
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| primary waves, | A seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back- and- forth direction
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| secondary waves, | A seismic wave that causes particals of rock to move in side-to-side directions
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| surface waves, | a seismic wave that causes rock to move in side to side direction
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| seismograph, | A tool that records vibrations in the ground and determines the location and strength of an earthquake
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| aftershock, | weaker earthquakes that follow stronger earthquakes
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| tsunami, | large waves that come on to shore when a earthquake happens in the sea; the earthquake shakes the sea violently
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| pyroclastic flow, | when enormus amounts of hot ash, dust, and gases are released from a volconoe
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| continental drift, | the theory that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
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| tectonic plate, | the plates on Earth's surface that hold life on land they are constantly moving
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| Pangaea, | when all of the tectonic plates were together in one big plate it was called this
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| theory of plate tectonics, | that the tectonic plates are moving on top of the asthenoshpere
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| subduction, | when one plate sinks or is pusshed under another
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| asthenospere, | the second layer of the Earth; 250 km (not commonly used)
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| lithosphere, | the top layer of the Earth; 15-300 km (not commonly used)
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| mantle, | (the most commonly used layers) the third layer of the Earth; 2,900 km
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| crust, | (the most commonly used layers) the top most layer of the Earth; 5-100 km
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| core, | (the most commonly used layers) the center layer of the Earth; 3,430 km
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| inner core, | the inner most layer; 1,230 km (not commonly used)
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| outer core | the outer layer of the core; 2,200 km (not commonly used)
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| mineral, | a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has definite chemical structure
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| rock, | A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter
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| element, | A substance that cant be broken down into simpler pieces by chemical means
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| streak, | The color of a powder of a rock
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| luster, | The way a rock reflects light
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| cleavage, | Splitting of a mineral along a smooth, flat surface
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| fracture, | When a mineral breaks along either curved, or irregular surfaces
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| density, | The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
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| hardness, | A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching
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| ore, | a natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably
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| color, | different sensations on the eye as a result of the way it reflects or emits light
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| infiltration, | Entry of water into Earth's surface
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| soil horizon, | A layer of soil that lies approximately parallel to the lands surface.
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| particle size, | a introduced comparing dimensions of solid particles, liquid particles, and gaseous particles
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| soil profile, | The diagram of a verticle section of soil depicting the horizons
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| pH, | the amount of acidity that is in the soil you are testing
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| fertility, | how much the soil is able to grow plants or the amount of nutriance
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| weathering, | the wearing away of rocks by chemical or mechanical means
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| exfoliation, | To seperate into rudely concentric layers or sheets, as certain rocks during weathering
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| abrasion, | the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through the mechanical action of other rock or sand particles
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| chemical weathering, | the process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions
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| mechanical weathering, | the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by physical means
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| humus, | dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals
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| deposition, | the process in which material is laid down
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| erosion, | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another
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| desertification, | The proccess by which an area becomes a desert
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| rock cycle, | the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes
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| remote sensing | The use of a camera, or a radar, to scan the Earth or another planet in space in order to collect data
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| Day & Night, | the time required for Earth to rotate once on its axis
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| Seasons, | A period of the year characterized by particular conditions of weather, and tempature
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| Rotation, | the spin of a body on its axis
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| Revolution, | the motion of a body that travels around another body in space; one complete trip along an orbit
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| Orbit, | the path that a body follows as it travels around another body in space
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| ellipse, | A plane curve that the sums of the distances of each point in its periphery from two fixed points are equal
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| Solstice, | the point at which the sun is as far north or as far south of the equator as possible
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| Vernal Equinox | It occurs in March, and marks the beginning of Spring
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| Autumnal Equinox | It occurs in September, and marks the beginning of fall
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| solar eclipse, | Occurs when the Moon gets between the Sun and Earth,and the moon casts a shadow over Earth
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| Lunar eclipse | When the Earth falls between Sun, and Moon, the shadow of Earth casts on the Moon
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| Crescent Moon | When 1- 49% of the Moon is seen of the part of the Moon unseen
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| Quarter Moon | The first or second half of the Moon
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| Gibbous Moon | When more than half of the Moon is seen, not a Full Moon
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| Full Moon | When you see the Moon with none hidden
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| Waxing Moon | When the Moon appears to get bigger
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| Waning Moon | When the Moon appears to get smaller
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| High Tide | The state of a tide when at its highest level
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| Low Tide | The state of a tide when at its lowest level
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| Spring Tide | the tide of increased range that occurs two times a month, at new and full moons
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| Neap Tide | a tide of minimum range that occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon
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| gravitational pull, | The attraction one has for another due to an invisible force of gravity
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| alignment, | Arrangement in a straight line, or in correct relative positions
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| axis, | An imaginary line about which a body rotates
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| tilt, | A sloping position or movement
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| hemispheres, | Half of the Earth in different sections like North, South, East, and West
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| solar system, | A collection of planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaler bodies of comets, and asteriods
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| surface, | The part of the Earth in which we live
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| atmosphere, | The air in any particular place
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| composition, | the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock
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| gravity, | The force of attraction by which terrestrial bodies tend to fall toward the center of the earth
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| satellites, | a natural or artificial body that revolves around a planet
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| sun, | The star in which Earth orbits
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| planets, | A celestical body moving in an ellipitial orbit around a star
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| moons, | The natural satelite of the Eart, visible by reflected light from the sun
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| asteroids, | a small, rocky object that orbits the sun, usually in a band between the orbits of mars and Jupiter
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| meteors, | a bright streak of light that results when a meteoroid burns up in the earths atmosphere
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| comets, | a small of ice, rock, and cosmic dust that follows an elliptical orbit around the sun and and that gives off gas and dust in the form of a tail as it passes close to the sun
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| dust, | Tiny particles of Earth laying on the ground
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| gases, | One of three staes of matter, composed with molcules with no fixed position
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| exploration, | The action of traveling in or through an unfimiliar area in order to learn about it
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| astronaut, | A person who is trained to travel in a spacecraft
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| solar radiation, | A radiant energy emitted by the sun due to nuclear fusion reactions
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| probes, | An exploratory action or expidition
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| International Space Station, | A place where scientists can study and cunduct about space
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| Hubble Telescope, | A telescope used to take pictures of space, which helps scientists learn about space
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| lander, | A space vihicle used to land on the moon or another planet
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| probe, | a vehicle that carries scientific instruments into space to collect scientific information
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| flybys, | A flight of a spacecraft past a celestial body close enough to obtain scientific info
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| galaxies, | a collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity
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| universe, | The world of human experience
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| Milky Way, | A broad band of light that stretches across the sky and is caused by the liight of a very great number of faint stars
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| light-year, | the distance that light travels in one year; about 9.46 trillion kilometers
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| black holes | An invisible region believed to exist in space having a very strong gravitational field and thought to be caused by a fallen star
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| Atoms, | The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of the element and can exist either alone or in combo
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| elements, | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
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| matter, | A substance of which a physical object is composed
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| particles, | very tiny things that make up everything that interact with on another
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| pure substances, | a chemical substance with a specific chemical composition
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| mass, | a measure of the amount of matter in an object
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| weight, | the amount of force you must use to lift an object
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| thermal energy, | the kinetic energy of a substances atoms
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| solids, | particals that move very little are aranged in a tight, regular pattern
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| liquids, | particals that move past one another easily are fairly close but not in a certian pattern
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| gases, | particals that move rapidly in no absolute pattern
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| volume vs. shape, | Volume is the amount of space that an object takes up and shape is the form of an object.
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| density, | the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
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| boiling point, | the temperature where a liquid boils
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| freezing point, | the temperature where a liquid frezzes
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| melting point, | the temperature where a liquid melts
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| solubility, | the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a liquid at a specific temperature
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| solute, | the substance being dissolved
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| solvent, | the liquid substance the solute is dissolved into
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| independent, | not depending on another
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| dependent, | one thing that relies in another
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| physical properties vs. chemical properties | Physical properties are things that make up something that moves and chemical properties tell about an experiment or some that would not be a living thing.
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| Thermal energy, | the kinetic energy of a substances atoms
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| Conduction, | The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance
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| radiation, | the tranfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
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| convection, | the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas
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| convection current, | Convection is the movement of molecules within fluids
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| conservation, | Preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation and wildlife
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| transfer, | All waves tranfer energy by repeated vibrations
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| conductors, | A material or an object that conducts heat, electricity, light, or sound
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| insulators, | A substance that does not readily allow the passage of heat or sound.
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| temperature, | a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
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| thermometer, | An instrument for measuring and indicating temperature
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| equilibrium, | A state of physical balance
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| thermal expansion, | an increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the tempature of the substance
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| contraction, | the proccess of becoming smaller
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| electromagnetic wave, | a wave that consists of eletric and magnetic feilds that vibrate at right angles to eachother
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| absorption, | in optics ,the transfer to light energy to particles in matter
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| refraction, | the bending of a wave as the wave passes between two substances in which the speedof the way differs
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| scattering, | an interaction of light with matter that causes light to change it's energy ,direction of motion or both
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| transmission, | the passing of light or other form of energy through matter
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| visible spectrum, | the distribution of colors when light is dispersed by a prism
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| infrared light, | wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves
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| ultraviolet light, | radiation lying in the ultraviolet range; wave lengths shorter than light but longer than X-rays
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| x-rays, | electromagneti radiation of short wavelength produced when high-speed electrons stike a solid target
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| gamma rays, | penatrating electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength of X-rays
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| electromagnetic spectrum, | the range of wavelengths or frequency over which electromagnetic radiation extends
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| electrical currents | a rate or flow of an eletric charge
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| Waves, | a periodic disturbance in a solid,liquid, or gas as enrgy is transmitted through a medium
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| wavelengths, | the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave
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| Sound | vibrations that travel through the air or through another medium and can be haerd when they reach a person's or animal's ear
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| longitudinal waves | a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parellel to the direction of wave motion
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| amplitude | the maximum distance that the particles of a waves medium vibrate from their rest position
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| rarefaction | a decrease in density and pressure in a medium
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| compression | stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object
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| vibration, | to move back and fourth especialy rhythmacly and rapidly
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| medium, | a physical environment in which phenomea occur
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| vacuum, | a space entirely devoid to matter
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| pitch, | a measure of how high or how low a sound is perceived to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave
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| hertz, | the SI unit of frequency equal to one cycle per minute
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| intensity, | The quality of being intense: "the pain grew in intensity"
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| decibel, | the most common unit used to measure loudness
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| amplification, | addition of extra material or clarifying detail
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| acoustics, | the proporties of a building that determine how sound is transmitted in it
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| echolocation, | the process of using reflected sound waves to find objects; used by animals such as bats
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| sonar, | the system of the detection of objects underwater and measuring waters depth
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| ultrasound, | cyclic sound pressure with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing
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| LIGHT | the natural agent that stimulates sights and makes things visable
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| transverse waves | a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicuarly to the direction the wave is traveling
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| trough | the part of the wave withe the least magnitude; the smallest part of the wave
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| crest | the part of the wave with the greatest maltitde ;the highest part of the wave
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| amplitude | the maximum distance that the particles of a waves medium vibrate from the rest possition
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| frequency | the number of waves produced in a given amount of time
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| prism, | a solid geometric figures whose two end faces are simular
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| reflection, | the bouncing back of a ray of light ,sound, and heat we the wave hots the surface that it dosn't go through
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| refraction, | the bendingof a wave as the wave passes between two substancess in which the speed of the wave differs
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| optics, | the scientific study of sight and the behavior of light
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| convex, | Having an outline or surface curved like the exterior of a circle or sphere
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| concave, | having a surface that curves inward
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| structures of the eye | the multiple parts of the eye
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| cornea | the transparent layer forming the front of the eye
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| iris | a flat, colored membrain behind the cornea of the eye
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| lens | transparent body situated behind the iris in the eye; its role is to focuses light on the retina
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| pupil | The dark circular opening in the center of the iris of the eye
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| retina | a layer on the back of the eye that is sensative to light and can triggers nerve impulses
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| optical nerve | something that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain
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| cones | a solid or hollow object that that has a roughly circular base to a point
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| rods | a thin streight bar
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| seismic waves | a wave of energy that travels through the earth and away from an earthquake in all directions
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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