per NBCOT Study Guide, 6th ed. pgs 41-46
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Group Dynamics | Forces which influence the nature of small groups, the interrelationships of their members, the events that typically occur in small groups and the outcome of these groups
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| Group Norms | Standards of behavior and attitudes that are considered appropriate and acceptable to the group
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| Group Roles | Patterns of behavior typical in groups -- Functional roles include Instrumental roles (initiator, organizer) & Expressive roles (encourager, compromiser) -- Dysfunctional roles are Individual roles (aggressor, blocker)
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| Group Goals | Desired outcomes of the group shared by a sufficient number of the group's members
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| Group Communication | Process of giving, receiving, and interpreting information through verbal & nonverbal expressions
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| Group Decision Making | Process of agreeing on a resolution to a problem
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| Group Development | 7 phases/stages groups typically go through from beginning to termination
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| Origin Phase | Stage 1 of group development -- leader composes group protocol & planning (size member characteristics, location of meetings)
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| Orientation Phase | Stage 2 of group development -- members learn what group is about - make preliminary commitment to group, develop initial connections with other members
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| Intermediate Phase | Stage 3 of group development -- members develop interpersonal bonds, group norms and specialized member roles thru involvement with goal-directed activities
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| Conflict Phase | Stage 4 of group development -- members challenge group structure, purpose, and/or process -- characterized by dissension & disagreements
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| Cohesion Phase | Stage 5 of group development -- members regroup after a conflict with a clearer sense of purpose and reaffirmation of group norms/values
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| Maturation Phase | Stage 6 of group development -- members use energy and skills to be productive and to achieve group goals
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| Termination Phase | Stage 7 of group development -- dissolution of group due to lack of engagement of members, inability to resolve conflict, administrative constraints, or lack of goal attainment
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| Directive Leadership | Therapist is responsible for planning & structuring of group -- needed when members cognitive, social, verbal skills, and engagement is lacking (parallel, project)
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| Facilitative Leadership | Therapist shares responsibility for group with members -- member skill levels and engagement are moderate -- therapist collaborates -- members acquire skills thru experience (ego-centric cooperative, cooperative)
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| Advisory Leadership | Therapist functions as a resource to the members who set group agenda & structure (self-directed) -- members skills & engagement are high -- feedback occurs as a natural part of process (mature)
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| Co-Leadership | Occurs when there is sharing of group leadership between 2 or more therapists
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| Evaluation Group | Focus - enable client & therapist to assess client's skills, assets, and limitations regarding group interaction
Suitable activities - tasks completed in 1 session that require interaction to complete
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| Thematic Group | Focus - assist members to ACQUIRE SKILLS of a specific activity
Suitable activities - simulated, clearly defined, structured activities that directly relate to skills being acquired (cooking group to learn to cook)
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| Topical Group | Focus - discuss activities members participate in OUTSIDE of group to enable them to engage in activities in a more effective, need-satisfying manner
Suitable activities - Discussion on member activities (fears/problems), may role play and use homework
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| Task-Oriented Group | Focus - increase clients' AWARENESS of NEEDS, values, ideas, feelings improve functioning by focusing on problems that emerge
Suitable activities - activities members pick will help members study, understand and practice behavior
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| Developmental Group | Focus - teach & develop group interaction skills (parallel, project, ego-centric cooperative, cooperative, mature)
Suitable activities -- depends on group level
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| Parallel Group | Level 1, lowest level of developmental group -- enable members to perform individual tasks in the presence of others -- minimally interact verbally/non-verbally - develop basic level of awareness, trust, and comfort with others in group
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| Project Group | Level 2, developmental group, enable members (1-2) to perform a shared, short-term activity with another member - develop interactions beyond those that the activity requires - enable members to give/seek assistance
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| Egocentric-cooperative Group | Level 3, developmental group, enable members (5-10) to select/implement long-range group activity (2 or more sessions) which req. group interaction to complete -- members identify and meet needs of themselves and others (safety, esteem)
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| Cooperative Group | Level 4, dev. group, members engage in group activity which facilitates free expression of ideas & feelings -- enables members to identify and meet socio-emotional needs (trust, love, belonging, cohesion) -- activity is secondary to need fulfillment
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| Mature Group | Level 5, highest level, developmental group -- enable members to assume all functional socio-emotional & task roles within a group -- enable members to reinforce behaviors which result in need satisfaction & task completion
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| Assumption of Developmental Groups | Learning principles are the basis -- feedback and reinforcement are utilized -- subskills fundamental to mature group functions must be acquired in a sequential manner
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| Instrumental Group | Focus - help members FXN @ HIGHEST LEVEL possible
Suitable activities - non-threatening, non-demanding -- maintain fxn. by providing sensory, cognitive, perceptual-motor, social input -- meet mental health needs by allowing member to have fun
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