Chapter 17 Study Guide Terms
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Jean Calas | Protestant defended by Voltaire when falsely accused of murder
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Deism | Belief in God as Creator w/o reference to Christian dogma
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"Emile" | Rousseau's imaginary student in his book on education
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Balthasar Neumann | Rococo architect who built the Wurzburg Residenz
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J.S. Bach | Composer of the Baroque "St. Matthew's Passion"
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W.A. Mozart | Prodigy who wrote "The Marriage of Figaro"
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Tom Jones | Leading character in Henry Fielding's novel
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"Spectator" | Early magazine published by Addison and Steele
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Jesuit | Banned from France in 1764
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Peitism | Form of Protestant m,mysticism that emphasized good works.
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Dictionary | Pierre Bayle's attack on traditional religious practice and assumptions about Biblical heroes.
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"Persian Letters" | Montesquieu's critique of the French Catholic Church and monarchy
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"Spirit of the Laws" | Praise of the British gov't's checks and balances by Montesquieu
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"Encyclopedia" | attacked by censors for establishing "a spirit of independence and revolt"
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Adam Smith | criticized mercantilism
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Francois Quesney | agriculture greatest source of wealth
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Rousseau’s "Emile" | Blamed private property for the inequality of human society
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Gibbon | studied the decline and fall of he Roman Empire
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Jesuits | directed the education of young aristocrats
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Enlightenment | intellectual movement during the Ren. when certain thinkers & writers thought themselves "enlightened"
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Montesquieu | believed in 3 types of gov'ts, separation of powers, and politically active nobles
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Denis Diderot | Wrote the "Encyclopedia", and criticized Christianity
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David Hume | Philosopher who wrote "Treatsie on Human Nature' which gave way to the "science of man".
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Social Contract | Exemplified general will
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"Emile" | Rousseau's novel on education and self interest
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Mary Astell | Argued that women need to be better educated, in "A Serious Proposal to the Ladies"
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Freemasons | Believed in the Philosophe's ideas
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"Vierzenheiligen" | Baroque-Rococo style church by Balthazar Neumann
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Franz Joseph Haydyn | Composer of the Classical era - "The Creation" & "The Seasons"
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Henry Fielding | Wrote novels about wit and English life
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Cesare Beccaria | Punishment should be a deterrent, not as brutality - "On Crime and Punishment"
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Carnival | 40 days leading up to Lent - indulge in everything
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Hannah More | Created a charity school for poor children
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Toleration Patent | Lutherans, Calvinists, and Greek Orthodox can practice privately
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"Jewish Problem" | Massacred, but Enl. thinkers thought they were equal people
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Nikolaus von Zinzindorf | Criticized Lutheran clergy
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Moravian Brethren | Zinzindorf 's sect - Spread Pietism - personal experience of God was true religious experience
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Methodism | Aided each other in doing good works for salvation, headed by Wesley
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