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Chapter 17 Study Guide Terms

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TERM
INFO
Jean Calas   Protestant defended by Voltaire when falsely accused of murder  
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Deism   Belief in God as Creator w/o reference to Christian dogma  
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"Emile"   Rousseau's imaginary student in his book on education  
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Balthasar Neumann   Rococo architect who built the Wurzburg Residenz  
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J.S. Bach   Composer of the Baroque "St. Matthew's Passion"  
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W.A. Mozart   Prodigy who wrote "The Marriage of Figaro"  
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Tom Jones   Leading character in Henry Fielding's novel  
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"Spectator"   Early magazine published by Addison and Steele  
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Jesuit   Banned from France in 1764  
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Peitism   Form of Protestant m,mysticism that emphasized good works.  
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Dictionary   Pierre Bayle's attack on traditional religious practice and assumptions about Biblical heroes.  
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"Persian Letters"   Montesquieu's critique of the French Catholic Church and monarchy  
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"Spirit of the Laws"   Praise of the British gov't's checks and balances by Montesquieu  
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"Encyclopedia"   attacked by censors for establishing "a spirit of independence and revolt"  
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Adam Smith   criticized mercantilism  
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Francois Quesney   agriculture greatest source of wealth  
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Rousseau’s "Emile"   Blamed private property for the inequality of human society  
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Gibbon   studied the decline and fall of he Roman Empire  
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Jesuits   directed the education of young aristocrats  
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Enlightenment   intellectual movement during the Ren. when certain thinkers & writers thought themselves "enlightened"  
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Montesquieu   believed in 3 types of gov'ts, separation of powers, and politically active nobles  
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Denis Diderot   Wrote the "Encyclopedia", and criticized Christianity  
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David Hume   Philosopher who wrote "Treatsie on Human Nature' which gave way to the "science of man".  
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Social Contract   Exemplified general will  
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"Emile"   Rousseau's novel on education and self interest  
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Mary Astell   Argued that women need to be better educated, in "A Serious Proposal to the Ladies"  
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Freemasons   Believed in the Philosophe's ideas  
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"Vierzenheiligen"   Baroque-Rococo style church by Balthazar Neumann  
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Franz Joseph Haydyn   Composer of the Classical era - "The Creation" & "The Seasons"  
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Henry Fielding   Wrote novels about wit and English life  
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Cesare Beccaria   Punishment should be a deterrent, not as brutality - "On Crime and Punishment"  
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Carnival   40 days leading up to Lent - indulge in everything  
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Hannah More   Created a charity school for poor children  
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Toleration Patent   Lutherans, Calvinists, and Greek Orthodox can practice privately  
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"Jewish Problem"   Massacred, but Enl. thinkers thought they were equal people  
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Nikolaus von Zinzindorf   Criticized Lutheran clergy  
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Moravian Brethren   Zinzindorf 's sect - Spread Pietism - personal experience of God was true religious experience  
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Methodism   Aided each other in doing good works for salvation, headed by Wesley  
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