Chapter 17 Study Guide Terms
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| Jean Calas | Protestant defended by Voltaire when falsely accused of murder |
| Deism | Belief in God as Creator w/o reference to Christian dogma |
| "Emile" | Rousseau's imaginary student in his book on education |
| Balthasar Neumann | Rococo architect who built the Wurzburg Residenz |
| J.S. Bach | Composer of the Baroque "St. Matthew's Passion" |
| W.A. Mozart | Prodigy who wrote "The Marriage of Figaro" |
| Tom Jones | Leading character in Henry Fielding's novel |
| "Spectator" | Early magazine published by Addison and Steele |
| Jesuit | Banned from France in 1764 |
| Peitism | Form of Protestant m,mysticism that emphasized good works. |
| Dictionary | Pierre Bayle's attack on traditional religious practice and assumptions about Biblical heroes. |
| "Persian Letters" | Montesquieu's critique of the French Catholic Church and monarchy |
| "Spirit of the Laws" | Praise of the British gov't's checks and balances by Montesquieu |
| "Encyclopedia" | attacked by censors for establishing "a spirit of independence and revolt" |
| Adam Smith | criticized mercantilism |
| Francois Quesney | agriculture greatest source of wealth |
| Rousseau’s "Emile" | Blamed private property for the inequality of human society |
| Gibbon | studied the decline and fall of he Roman Empire |
| Jesuits | directed the education of young aristocrats |
| Enlightenment | intellectual movement during the Ren. when certain thinkers & writers thought themselves "enlightened" |
| Montesquieu | believed in 3 types of gov'ts, separation of powers, and politically active nobles |
| Denis Diderot | Wrote the "Encyclopedia", and criticized Christianity |
| David Hume | Philosopher who wrote "Treatsie on Human Nature' which gave way to the "science of man". |
| Social Contract | Exemplified general will |
| "Emile" | Rousseau's novel on education and self interest |
| Mary Astell | Argued that women need to be better educated, in "A Serious Proposal to the Ladies" |
| Freemasons | Believed in the Philosophe's ideas |
| "Vierzenheiligen" | Baroque-Rococo style church by Balthazar Neumann |
| Franz Joseph Haydyn | Composer of the Classical era - "The Creation" & "The Seasons" |
| Henry Fielding | Wrote novels about wit and English life |
| Cesare Beccaria | Punishment should be a deterrent, not as brutality - "On Crime and Punishment" |
| Carnival | 40 days leading up to Lent - indulge in everything |
| Hannah More | Created a charity school for poor children |
| Toleration Patent | Lutherans, Calvinists, and Greek Orthodox can practice privately |
| "Jewish Problem" | Massacred, but Enl. thinkers thought they were equal people |
| Nikolaus von Zinzindorf | Criticized Lutheran clergy |
| Moravian Brethren | Zinzindorf 's sect - Spread Pietism - personal experience of God was true religious experience |
| Methodism | Aided each other in doing good works for salvation, headed by Wesley |
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