Equine Anatomy T1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Dorsal--Ventral | Top of Back--Bottom of Barrel
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| Cranial--Caudal | Front above knee-- Back above hock
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| Proximal--Distal | above fetlock--below fetlock
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| palmar--plantar | back of front leg below knee--back of back leg below hock
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| Abaxial--Axial | away from axis-- near axis
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| cancellous | spongy bone
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| cortical | compact bone
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| epiphysis | end of bone
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| diaphysis | middle (long part) of the bone
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| trabeculae | spongy looking
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| periosteum | lining of the bone, contains all nerves and blood vessels
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| medullary cavity | open inside, holds marrow
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| articular cartilage | only in epiphysis
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| ligament | bone to bone, strong, inelastic
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| tendon | muscle to bone, strong, elastic, capable of storing energy, dense fibrous tissue
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| contracts muscle | actin and myosin
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| outside synovial structure | dense, fibrous, anatomoses with periosteum
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| inside synovial structure | synovial membrane(synovium), coers entire inside of joint minus the articular cartilage
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| types of synovial structures | joint capsule, bursa, sheath
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| coffin bone to ground angle | 1-5 degrees
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| line through the spine of the scapula should be parallel to the _ _ _ | HPA- Hoof Pastern Angle
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| normal hoof angles | 45-50 degrees on front and 50-55 on hind
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| valgus | legs go laterally (out)
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| varus | legs go in
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| calf kneed | back at the knee (like a calf)
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| buck kneed | looks like knees will buckle (Wills)
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| ankle joint name | meta carpo phalange joint
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| bottom joint of knee | Carpal metacarpal joint
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| top joint of knee | Radio Carpal joint
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| shoulder joint | Scapulo Humero joint
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| periople | coronary band, connects hoof to skin
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| stratum externum | outtermost layer of hoof
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| stratum medium | middle layer of hoof wall, tubular/intertubular horn
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| stratum internum | contains laminae
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| pastern | proximal phalanx(top part) and middle phalanx(middle part)
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| distal phalanx | coffin bone in hoof
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| distal sesmoid bone | navicular bone
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| extensor tendons in lower leg | common(front, inserts on coffin bone), long(inserts on back of middle phalanx), lateral(inserts on front of middle phalanx)
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| distal sesmoid bone | can turn to bone(sidebone), in the hoof, absorbs concussion
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| extensor tendons in lower leg | common(front, inserts on coffin bone), long(inserts on back of middle phalanx), lateral(inserts on front of middle phalanx)
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| collateral ligaments | in every joint
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| impar ligament | connects navicular to coffin
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| T ligament | connects navicular to middle phalanx
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| triceps brachii & anconeus | originate on olecranon, extends elbow joint
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| digital sesmoidean ligaments | straight, long, oblique(inner, hides, sides)
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| three heads of triceps brachii | long(origin:scapula), lateral & medial(origin:humerus)
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| deltoideus & cleidobrachialis | originate on clavicle, advance the limb
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| biceps brachii | origin: supraglenoid tubracle, inserts: radius
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| triceps brachii & anconeus | originate on olecranon, extends elbow joint
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| tensor fasciae antebrachii | extends elbow, or: scapula, in: olecranon
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| three heads of triceps brachii | long(origin:scapula), lateral & medial(origin:humerus)
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| three heads of deep digital flexor | humeral, ulnar, radial
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| biceps brachii | origin: supraglenoid tubracle, inserts: radius
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| heads of flexor carpi ulnaris | humeral & ulnar
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| tensor fasciae antebrachii | extends elbow, or: scapula, in: olecranon
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| flexor carpi ulnaris | inserts on accessory carpal bone
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| three heads of deep digital flexor | humeral, ulnar, radial
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| flexor carpi radialis | or:humerus & in:M2(cannon)
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| heads of flexor carpi ulnaris | humeral & ulnar
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| common digital extensor | radial head(in: proximal phal.) & humeral head(in: distal phal)
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| flexor carpi ulnaris | inserts on accessory carpal bone
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| accessory carpal bone | potato chip thing
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| flexor carpi radialis | or:humerus & in:M2(cannon)
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| passive stay apparatus | shoulder joint(biceps), elbow(carpal/digital flexors), carpal(
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| common digital extensor | radial head(in: proximal phal.) & humeral head(in: distal phal)
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| accessory carpal bone | potato chip thing
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| passive stay apparatus | shoulder joint(biceps), elbow(carpal/digital flexors), carpal(extensor carpi radialis), fetlock(suspensory app.[ligament, sesmoid bones, distal sesmoid ligs], deep dig flex, super dig flex)
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| T ligament | navicular to middle phal.
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| joints of foot | coffin, pastern, fetlock
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| another name for hoof wall | tubular horn
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| club | forward
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| coon | back
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