| Question |
Answer |
| palpation |
to examine or explore by touching |
| palpation involves (3 things) |
locating a structure, becoming aware of its characteristics, assessing its quality or condition |
| rolling and strumming |
rolling fingers or thumb across instead of along |
| palpation method for part of a body that is moving |
keep hand still to feel for movement |
| palpation of a body part that is still |
move your hand (rolling or strumming) along its edges |
| active movement |
client actively moves their body while you palpate or observe the movement |
| passive movement |
client is relaxed while you move their body |
| resisted movement |
client attemps to move while you resist the movement |
| number of sensory receptors in skin |
600,000 |
| number of nerve endings in every square inch of fingertiip |
50,000 |
| three hints on palpation |
move slowly, avoid excessive pressure, focus awareness on what you are feeling |
| skin |
gest organ of the body, weighing nearly 10 percent of total body weight |
| average thickness of skin |
1/20 of an inch |
| thinest skin of body |
eyelids, 1/500 of an inch |
| bone |
bone shape and rigidity are constant unlike muscles which can transform from soft to hard to soft again |
| muscle |
volentary contractile tissure that moves the skeleton |
| epimysium |
wraps a muscle |
| perimysium |
wraps bundles of fibers within a muscle |
| endomysium |
wraps individual muscle fibers |
| periosteum |
wraps bone and connects to tendons |
| three distinguishing characteristics of muscle |
1muscle has a striated texture 2 fibers can be parallel, convergent, or diagonal 3 it can be contracted or relaxed |
| prime mover |
muscle that performs the action |
| synergist |
muscles that support the prime mover |
| antagonists |
muscles which resist the actionof the prime mover |
| tendon |
attach muscle to bone, can become taut or relax |
| ligament |
connects bone to bone, always taut |
| fascia |
dense connective tissue, beneath the skin and around muscles and organs |
| types of fascia |
superficial and deep |
| Retinaculum |
structure that holds an organ or tissure in place |
| Retinaculum |
a transverse thickening of the deep fascia which straps tendowns down in a praticular location or position |
| Retinaculum are |
superficial and perpendicular to tendons |
| Occlude |
obstructed especially relating to arteries |
| Palpation near arteries and veins |
do not apply direct pressure (do not occlude) be gently and carefull near major arteries and veins |
| Bursa |
small fluid filled sac that reduces friction between two structures |
| Number of bursa in the body |
around 600 |
| location of bursa |
between two mucsles, two tendons, a tendon and a ligament, or a muscle and a ligament and cushions skin, tendons, ligaments, muscles, and organs from bone |
| Bursitis |
inflamation of the bursa, accompanied by tenderness and crepitation of the joint |
| Palpation hints |
bursa in not usually palpable except for in bursitis where they can become visible |
| William Harvey |
first experimental scientist, discovered that blood circulates throughout body, came up with a description of cardiovascular system including valves in viens |
| plexuses |
bundle of nerves |
| Nerve Vessels |
tube shaped, mobile, and tender when compressed |
| Palpation Hints on Nerves |
best avoid palpation of nerves due to sharp shooting sensation pressing on nerves may create |
| Lymph Nodes |
collect lymphatic fluid, bean shaped and range in size from pea to almond, slightly movable and nontender |
| Palpation Hints of Lymph Nodes |
lymph nodes are palpable in groups such as in the neck, axilla, and groin |
| Adipose Tissue |
loose connective tissue |
| locations of adipose tissue |
around kidneys, around joints, behind eyes, in subcutaneous tissue |
Buen Viaje lv.2 ch 8
