locating a structure, becoming aware of its characteristics, assessing its quality or condition
rolling and strumming
rolling fingers or thumb across instead of along
palpation method for part of a body that is moving
keep hand still to feel for movement
palpation of a body part that is still
move your hand (rolling or strumming) along its edges
active movement
client actively moves their body while you palpate or observe the movement
passive movement
client is relaxed while you move their body
resisted movement
client attemps to move while you resist the movement
number of sensory receptors in skin
600,000
number of nerve endings in every square inch of fingertiip
50,000
three hints on palpation
move slowly, avoid excessive pressure, focus awareness on what you are feeling
skin
gest organ of the body, weighing nearly 10 percent of total body weight
average thickness of skin
1/20 of an inch
thinest skin of body
eyelids, 1/500 of an inch
bone
bone shape and rigidity are constant unlike muscles which can transform from soft to hard to soft again
muscle
volentary contractile tissure that moves the skeleton
epimysium
wraps a muscle
perimysium
wraps bundles of fibers within a muscle
endomysium
wraps individual muscle fibers
periosteum
wraps bone and connects to tendons
three distinguishing characteristics of muscle
1muscle has a striated texture 2 fibers can be parallel, convergent, or diagonal 3 it can be contracted or relaxed
prime mover
muscle that performs the action
synergist
muscles that support the prime mover
antagonists
muscles which resist the actionof the prime mover
tendon
attach muscle to bone, can become taut or relax
ligament
connects bone to bone, always taut
fascia
dense connective tissue, beneath the skin and around muscles and organs
types of fascia
superficial and deep
Retinaculum
structure that holds an organ or tissure in place
Retinaculum
a transverse thickening of the deep fascia which straps tendowns down in a praticular location or position
Retinaculum are
superficial and perpendicular to tendons
Occlude
obstructed especially relating to arteries
Palpation near arteries and veins
do not apply direct pressure (do not occlude) be gently and carefull near major arteries and veins
Bursa
small fluid filled sac that reduces friction between two structures
Number of bursa in the body
around 600
location of bursa
between two mucsles, two tendons, a tendon and a ligament, or a muscle and a ligament and cushions skin, tendons, ligaments, muscles, and organs from bone
Bursitis
inflamation of the bursa, accompanied by tenderness and crepitation of the joint
Palpation hints
bursa in not usually palpable except for in bursitis where they can become visible
William Harvey
first experimental scientist, discovered that blood circulates throughout body, came up with a description of cardiovascular system including valves in viens
plexuses
bundle of nerves
Nerve Vessels
tube shaped, mobile, and tender when compressed
Palpation Hints on Nerves
best avoid palpation of nerves due to sharp shooting sensation pressing on nerves may create
Lymph Nodes
collect lymphatic fluid, bean shaped and range in size from pea to almond, slightly movable and nontender
Palpation Hints of Lymph Nodes
lymph nodes are palpable in groups such as in the neck, axilla, and groin
Adipose Tissue
loose connective tissue
locations of adipose tissue
around kidneys, around joints, behind eyes, in subcutaneous tissue
HHS Shrek
