| Question |
Answer |
| What are the 4 types of steroid hormones? |
adrenal steroids (glucocortocoid, mineralocorticoid), estrogen, progestins, androgen |
| What 3 classes of enzymes make steroid hormones? |
cytochrome p450 hydroxylases, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, steroid reductases |
| What are the tissue sites for production of adrenal steroids? |
zona glomerulosa (aldosterone), zona fasciculata (cortisol), zona reticularis (DHEA & androstenedione) |
| What type of steroid is aldosterone? |
mineralocorticoid |
| What type of steroid is cortisol? |
glucocorticoid |
| What type of steroid is DHEA & androstenedione? |
androgen precursors |
| Which steroid mediates metabolic, anti-imflammatory & immunosuppressive activities? |
glucocorticoid |
| Which steroid promotes Na H20 retention & K execretion? |
mineralocorticoid |
| Which steroid is produced in leydig cell of testes & granulosa cells of ovaries? |
testosterone |
| Which steroid is produced in the prostate, foreskin, & sebocytes? |
dihydrotestosterone |
| Which steroid regulates the growth of internal male genitalia & spermatogenesis? |
testosterone |
| Which steroid regulates male external genitalia, male 2ndary characteristics during puberty, and prostate size (also hair loss)? |
dihydrotestosterone |
| What is a precursor to both testosterone & estrone? |
androstenedione |
| What converts testosterone to estradiol? |
P450arom |
| What steroid is produce in the ovaries, testes, adipose tissue, & placenta? |
estrogen |
| What steroid prevents bone resorption, keeps HDL levels high, and regulates 2ndary female characteristics? |
estrogen |
| What steroid maintains pregnancy & is produced in the corpus luteum? |
progestin |
| What organ increases peptide releasing seccretion factor when there is too little steroid? |
hypothalamus |
| What organ increase peptide hormone secretion in response to peptide releasing secretion factor? |
pituitary |
| How are steroids catabolized? |
bile acids (urine & feces) |
| Which steroids are not produced with steroid 21 hydroxylase deficiency? |
aldosterone & cortisol |
| What enzyme deficiency causes CAH (congenital adrenal hyperplasia)? |
steroid 21 hydroxylase deficiency |
| What are the 3 forms of CAH? |
salt-wasting, salt-sparing, adult onset |
| Which form of CAH leads to death in neonates if not treated? |
salt-wasting |
| Which form of CAH requires cortisol treatment & surgery? |
salt-sparing |
| Which form of CAH requires cortisol treatment & leads to ovary cysts & female hirsutism? |
adult onset |
| Which steroid provides feedback inhibition for cortisol & androgen levels? |
cortisol |
| What enzyme mutation causes premature baldness? |
Hyperactive steroid 5α-reductase 2 |
| What enzyme converts testosterone to dihydrotestoterone? |
steroid 5α-reductase 2 |
| What enzyme mutation leads to male internal genitalia & female external genitalia in an XY phenotype? |
Hypoactive steroid 5α-reductase 2 |
HHS Shrek
