Age of Industry
| Description: | 20/21st - Davis - SVHS - A New Industrial Age |
| Category: | U.S. History |
| Created by: | davissvhs on 2009-09-04 |
| Question | Answer |
| Bessemer Process | Injecting oxygen into molten iron to remove carbon and other impurities creating steel |
| Vertical Integration | Owning all businesses involved in the production of a product |
| Social Darwinism | Theory that those who are the most “fit” will succeed and become rich |
| Cartel | a loose association of businesses that make the same product and agree to limit supply to keep prices high |
| Horizontal Integration | Owning all the companies that produce similar products |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | law passed by Congress in an attempt to limit the amount of control a business could have over an industry |
| Trusts | numerous companies within an industry agree to turn over their assets to a trust in return for a share of the profits of the new organization |
| Interstate Commerce Act | established the right of the federal government to supervise RR activity using a five member Interstate Commerce Committee (ICC) |
| monopoly | one company dominates an industry through horizontal consolidation—buying up businesses of competitors |
| Robber Barons | Exploited natural resources, drove competitors to ruin, paid workers measly wages, provided dangerous working conditions, and lived in lap of luxury |
| What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution? | Immigrants, inventions, capital, migration to cities, and urban growth |
| What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution? | Growth of big businesses, skyrocketing urban population with urban problems, social reformers, and political machines seize control of cities |
| What did new forms of energy, communication, and transportation trigger? | a massive INCREASE in industrial productivity |
| Who were the key players of the Industrial Revolution? | inventors, investors, & workers |
| What revolutionized American Industry through faster delivery of products, lower production costs, and by creating national markets? | The Transcontinental Railroad |
| Who built his Employees a town that contain brick homes with a window in every room, doctor’s offices, shops, and an athletic field? | George Pullman |
| Laws that were passed because a group of farmers organized and sponored political candidates to put a stop to the Railroad charging high rates and misusing land grants? | Granger Laws |
| Who owned Standard Oil Company and used trusts to gain total control of the oil industry in America by selling his oil at a lower cost than it was to produce it? | John Rockefeller |
| What were shops where employees such as women & children worked in a run down apartment house because they often paid lower than factories. | sweatshops |
| What included: 12-14 hour days, six days a week, wages so low that everyone in the family had to work, poor lighting and ventilation, and high death rates. | working conditions of the time period |
| By the end of the 1800s, how many children between the ages of 10 and 16 was employed. | 1 in 5 |
| Who attempted Industrial Unionism with railway workers in 1894 and won a strike for higher wages. | Eugene Debs |
| Who became president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and focused on collective bargaining to improve conditions, wages and hours. | Samuel Gompers |
| Who formed the United Mine Workers of America and was an important figure in West Virginia in ralling the coal miners to strike and march to Mingo. | Mother Jones |
| In an effort to prevent unions from forming employers would have new employees sign what workers nicknamed _________________ contracts stating they would never join a union. | Yellow Dog |
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The essay questions below include (4) short answer essay questions that are worth 6 pts each and MUST be answered in complete sentences. Yes that means more than one sentence per question is required for full credit. There is also (1) long essay which is worth 10 points, you must follow the directions completely to recieve full credit. You are ALLOWED to answer your essays questions at home on your own paper and bring them with you the day of the test, if not then you will answer the questions below from memory. Short-Answer-Essay 1. Briefly describe Railroad Time, its importance, and what time zones cross the U.S. 2. Briefly describe what happened in the Credit Mobilier scandal. 3. What caused the panic of 1893 and what were the effects? What can it be compared to today? 4. Describe factors of Andrew Carnegie's success. Be sure to mention both Horizontal Integration and Vertical Integration give examples for both Long Essay 1. Briefly describe the following strikes, Great Strike of 1877, The Haymarket Affair, The Pullman Strike, and the Homestead Strke. Make sure you mention key individuals involved in each strike including the reaction from the employers and how each strike ended. Also include how you feel these strikes affect ALL the people involved. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR NEED A COPY OF THE CLASS POWER POINT THEN YOU CAN EMAIL ME AT cbdavis@access.k12.wv.us I WILL TRY AND ANSWER YOU IN A TIMELY FASHION. ACTUALLY I WILL OFFER 5 BONUS POINTS TO ANYONE WHO EMAILS ME BEFORE SCHOOL ON TUESDAY!!!!!!!!! THE TEST IS STILL SCHEDULED FOR WEDNESDAY AND WILL NOT CHANGE. |
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