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Engl 306 Final
Rhetoric Examn Final
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Year of Gorgias | 414 BCE |
Kairos: | a profound moment of opportunity |
Summarize Dissoi Logoi | Cultural relativism The normal to you is not normal to else; the weird to you may be normal to else. |
Nomos: | communities that live within a city |
Year of Plato | 370 BCE |
Plato's Phaedrus summarized: | rhetoric is equivalent to love: bad rhetoric is like lust; good rhetoric seeks to make rhetor a better person; influencing the soul through words in all kinds of speaking USED ANALOGY OF TWO HORSES LEADING A VEHICLE. |
Kairos: | cataloging the kinds of human souls to adpt Plato's discourse to auditors |
Year of Isocrates | 390 BCE |
Kairos: | timing |
Summarize the Against the Sophists | rhetoric is art; sophists do not teach rhetoric as art. rhetoric is a mode of scholarship that separates man from beast. |
Year of Aristotle | 335 BCE |
Summarize Aristotle's On Rhetoric: | rhetoric is the faculty of observing the available means of persuasion |
Aristotle's modes of persuasion: | ethos - character pathos - emotion logos - truth |
Aristotle's four reasons of rhetoric | 1. truth and justice 2. appeal to people who can't be taught 3. allows use to see facts and flaws in eachother 4. natural and necessary |
Year of Augustine | 427 |
Summarize Augustine's On the Christian Doctrine | rhetoric is at everyone's disposal. rules of rhetoric are useless as the rhetor must think on his/her feet. good rhetors modify their speaking style accordingly to fit matters. CLAIMS TO HAVE USED HIS WORDS TO STOP A CIVIL WAR |
Year of Longinus | 50 CE |
Summarize Longinus' On the Sublime: | when rhetoric is done well it leads to the sublime, a moment of ecstasy. LONGINUS WAS THE 'FIRST' LITERARY CRITIC |
Essence of sublimity: | 1. greatness of thought 2. powerful emotion 3. certain kinds of figures 4. noble diction 5. elegant word arrangement |
pseudo-baccananlian: | meaningless emotion |
frigidity: | statement of overly exotic ideas |
amplificiton: | emphasizing details and topics to strengthen an argument |
Year of Baldesar Castigione | 1527 |
Summarize Castigione's The Book of the Courtier: | rhetoric as a public appearence. Rhetoric must be cool, collected, put-together. sprezzatura. |
Sprezzatura: | making something appear easy regardless of its difficulty. |
Year of Christine de Pizan | 1405 |
Summarize Pizan's The Book of the City of Ladies: | rhetoric is a means of educational and social equalizing supplanted misogynistic views of women in medieval thinking. TOLD THE STORY OF THE RHETOR WHO WORE A VEIL. |
Year of Madeline de Scudery | 1683 |
Summarize de Scudery's Converstations upon Several Subjects: | conversations like occur like in the salon. rhetoric as it occurs in private; rhetoric as a conversational tool. |
Year of Thomas Sheridan | 1762 |
Summarize Sheridan's Course of Lectures on Elocution: | rhetoric as tranmission of one's consciousness instead of just persuasion. connection of words with emotional states and gestures. rhetoric and enlightenment elocution |
Year of Gilbert Austin | 1644 |
Summarize Austin's Chironomia: | rhetoric as a systematized movement to convey meaning and tone, including a collection of tones and gestures to be linked to words or lines. robust, but lacking in practicality |
Year of Maria Stewart | 1832 |
Year of Nietzsche | 1870 |
Year of Habermas |