Question | Answer |
What organ involves hepatitis? | Liver |
What family does Hepatitis A (HAV)? | Piconaviridae |
What family does Hepatitis B (HBV)? | Hepadnaviridae |
What family does Hepatitis C (HCV)? | Flaviviridae |
What family does Hepatitis D (HDV)? | Deltavirus |
What are the common symptoms of hepatitis? | Fever, GI symptoms, Nausea and Vomiting |
Hep A's Mode of transmission? | Fecal-oral, in crowded populations with poor sanitation
Rarely through needles, it's viremia is very short |
Is Hep A oncogenic, which types are? | No, type B and C are oncogenic |
Name of the vaccine for Hep A? | Formalin inactivated HAV vaccine |
What type of DNA is in Hep B and why is it incomplete? | ssDNA positive strand and circular incomplete until it infects a new cell |
What are the conditions of Hep B? | Cirrhosis and carcinoma of the liver |
Hep B's Mode of transmission? | Parenteral - Needles, Transplants, tattoo's and even sexually and orally, also mother-son |
What are the 3 morphologic forms of Hep B, known as the dane particles? | Spherical, Pleomorphic spherical and filamentous |
What is the outer surface antigen of Hep B? | HBsAg |
Why is HBsAg important for Hep D? | Because it provides HbsAg envelope for it |
What is Fulminant Hepatitis? | Combination of Hep B and D (Co-infection) |
What genes are contained in Hep B? | Transactivator protein X
Polymerase P - (RNase H and reverse transcriptase
S gene - encodes HBsAg
C gene - encodes HBcAg and HBeAg |
What is cccDNA in Hep B? | covalently closed DNA, it happens after the incomplete DNA closes |
Types of Vaccine for Hep B? | Recombinant HBsAg vaccine
Hepatitis B immune globulin (Passive)
HBsAG at different site soon after exposure (Active) |
Medication for Hep B? | Interferon alfa
Antivirals (entecabir, adefovir, lamivudine, ribavirin |
What is the difference in Hep B infection between effective and limited T cell immunity? | Effective: acute hep
Limited: chronic disease (Cirrhosis or carcinoma) |
Which hepatitis does not have an arthropod vector? | Hep C |
How is Hep C transmitted? | Parenteral - transfusion of blood products, semen, mother-son, hemodialysis, sex |
What is the primary cause of chronic liver carcinoma? | Hep C |
What is the treatment for Hep C? | Similar to Hep B, Interferon Alfa and ribavirin |
What are the types of vaccine for hep C? | None |
Why can't Hep D exist by itself? | Because it needs the envelope of HBsAg, the only gene on the molecule codes for HD-AG |
What kind of RNA is in HDV? | ssRNA |
What kind of RNA is in HAV? | ssRNA |
What kind of RNA is in HBV? | dsDNA |
What kind of RNA is in HCV? | ssRNA |
What are the vaccines for HDV? | There is no specific vaccine, it needs HBV to coexist so by targeting HBV the infection can be stopped. |