Question | Answer |
biology | scientific study of life |
cellular organization | all living things are organized and made up of cells... metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, heredity, movement, stimuli and complexity |
cell theory | every living thing is made of cells |
unicellular | made of one cell |
multicelluar | made of more than one cell |
metabolism | all the chemical reactions that are going on inside the body |
homeostasis | perfect balance |
types of reproduction | asexual and sexual |
asexual | indivdial reproducing on its own... divides in half and both are identical |
sexual | BEN <3 YOU RACHEL
two parents both contribute half the genetic infromation, offspring is not identical to either parent |
heredity | transmission of characteristics from parent to child, stored in the dna |
movement | happens at least once in its lifespan, movement is needed to be concidered alive |
stimuli | responce to changes inside and outside of the body |
complexity | all living things are complex |
evolution | gradual change in a populations characteritics over time |
natural selection | decent with modification, common ancestor, each adapted to a way of life, driving force of life process by which the individual most adapted to their enviroment are most likly to produce heathly offspring who in turn reproduce |
taxonomy | science of classifiying living things into groups |
list the 7 taxonomy classifications | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti |
kingdom (5) | monera, fungi, protista, plantae, animalia |
monera | blue green alge and bacteria |
fungi | fungus and mushrooms |
protista | one celled plants, fungi, and animals |
plantae | multicelluar plants |
animalia | multicelluar animals |
binimial nomenclature | a system of two names, genus-species (genus is captialized, species lower case) |
scientific method | the method of proving or disproving a hypthesis made off of observations |
theory | after many retest, if they all result in the same answer, it is a fact science has not disproved |
atom | one unit of a certain type of element |
molecule | always have a certain ratio of one type of atom to another |
chemical formula | short hand of molecule make up |
glucose | C6 H12 06 |
non polar | compounds that do not have charged ends
ex. fats and oils |
hydroprobic | does not desolve in water(non polar)
ex. fats and oils |
polar | has a negative end and postive end ( - oxygen, + hydrogen)
ex. water |
hydrophilic | water loving |
properties of water | polar, cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat |
cohesion | water is attracted to water |
adheasion | water sticks to other polar compounds |
high specific heat | water has to gain or lose alot of energy before it changes tempature |
acid H+ | something that when it breakes up it gives up a hydrogen ion (dissoiates) Hydrogen ion H+ |
base OH- | something when it is dossoiates it releases hydroxide ions Hydroxide ion OH- |
pH scale | 1-14 - 1 most acidic and 14 most basic, 7 is neutral |
pH | each pH is a factor of 10 becasue its logritmic, multiply by ten as you compare |
Macromolecules | large molecules made up of repeating units called monomers and polymers. ex-carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, and nucleic acids |
Monomers | small molecules base unit |
polymers | three or more momomers |
Carbohydrates | simple surgars contain a lot of carbon |
monosaccharides | made of one simple sugar, glucose c6h12o6 |
Disaccharide | made of two monosaccharides together |
polysaccharides | made of three or more monosaccahrides ex-starch,glycogen, cellulose, chitin |
Lipids | oils and fats made of glycerol and fatty acids |
glycerol | they are made of heavy and hydrophyllic |
fatty acids | are light and hydrophobic |
monoglyceride | one fatty acid tail, but not a true fat |
diglyceride | two fatty acid tails, not a true fat. |
triglyceride | three fatty acid tails, true fat.. DO NOT EAT |
Rachel | a wonderful person |
saturated fatty acids | C-C-C-C-C hard fats, all carbons have a single bond |
unsaturated fatty acid | C-C=C-C-C oily at least one double bond between the carbon |
polyunsaturated fatty acids | three or more double or tripple bonds |
Proteins | structual, storage, contractile, transport, and enzymes muscle growth and maitnence |
Enzymes | make reactions go faster |
Hormones | chemical messengers from one part of the body to another |
Amino acids | building blocks of proteins 20 in our bodies |
Essential amino acids | body can not make them, must get them from through eating food |
Dipeptide | two amino acids |
polypetide | three or more amino acids |
Denatured | breaking down structures through heating up or acid, kills proteins |
Nucleic acids | two types- dna rna |
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | found in the nucleus of the cell double stranded-- made of nucleotides |
RNA (ribonucleic acid) | single stranded made of nucleotides, found in and out of nucleus |
Nucleotides | nucleic acids, polymoers made of momomers |