Question | Answer |
cell division | general process through which all cells go to produce new cells |
chromosomes | genetic information is contained in these threadlike structures |
traits | individual characteristics |
mitosis | process through which one parent cell produces two identical daughter cells |
sexual reproduction | two parents are involved in this type of reproduction |
gametes | a name for sex cells (eggs and sperm) |
sex cells | male and female reproductive cells |
sperm cell | the male sex cell |
egg cell | the female sex cell |
meiosis | process through which sex cells are formed |
fertilization | the joining of a male and female sex cell |
zygote | a fertilized egg cell |
differentiation | process through which cells begin to turn into tissues and organs of the body |
seed dispersal | process through which seeds are distributed |
germination | process through which seeds sprout |
gene | genetic information that influences a trait |
Gregor Mendel | father of modern genetics; he performed experiments with pea plants |
hybrid (heterozygous) | an individual with one dominant gene and one recessive gene |
purebred (homozygous) | an individual with two identical genes |
dominant gene (dominant allele) | responsible for the appearance of a trait even if you only have one of these genes |
recessive gene (recessive allele) | you have to have two of these genes to show that trait |
Punnett Square | a diagram used to predict genetic probablility |
probability | the likelihood of an event occurring |