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NYSExam Vocab List 4

Genetics

QuestionAnswer
cell division general process through which all cells go to produce new cells
chromosomes genetic information is contained in these threadlike structures
traits individual characteristics
mitosis process through which one parent cell produces two identical daughter cells
sexual reproduction two parents are involved in this type of reproduction
gametes a name for sex cells (eggs and sperm)
sex cells male and female reproductive cells
sperm cell the male sex cell
egg cell the female sex cell
meiosis process through which sex cells are formed
fertilization the joining of a male and female sex cell
zygote a fertilized egg cell
differentiation process through which cells begin to turn into tissues and organs of the body
seed dispersal process through which seeds are distributed
germination process through which seeds sprout
gene genetic information that influences a trait
Gregor Mendel father of modern genetics; he performed experiments with pea plants
hybrid (heterozygous) an individual with one dominant gene and one recessive gene
purebred (homozygous) an individual with two identical genes
dominant gene (dominant allele) responsible for the appearance of a trait even if you only have one of these genes
recessive gene (recessive allele) you have to have two of these genes to show that trait
Punnett Square a diagram used to predict genetic probablility
probability the likelihood of an event occurring
Created by: kpatelunas
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