Question | Answer |
empirical | based on experience |
authority | who is telling me this? |
logic | using logic to make further inferences |
non empirical | indirect |
intuition | spontaneous perception or judgment not based on reasoned mental steps |
common sense | practical intelligence shared by a large group of people |
counterintuitive | something that goes against common sense |
science | way of obtaining knowledge by objective observations |
scientific method | define problem, form hypothesis, collect and analyze data, draw conclusions, communicate findings |
theory | system of ideas/principles to explain phenomena |
hypothesis | a specific prediction about two or more variable that can be tested |
variables | any event or behavior that can be measurable |
description | observing behavior in order to describe it |
prediction | identifying specific factors that are associated |
explanatory | determining the causes of behavior/event |
observation | naturalistic or laboratory observation |
case studies | in depth study of one or more individuals |
survey | asking questions thru self-report |
correlation | the degree of relation between two variables, not imply causation |
quasi-experimental method | compare groups of individuals across a "naturally occuring" variable |
experimental method | determining if there is a cause and effect relationship between two variables, manipulate iv, measure dv, control over extraneous variables |
empirical | based on experience, not common sense |
objectives | some observations can be made by anyone, all conclude same thing |
self-correcting | new evidence may contradict what is currently known |
progressive | moving forward in truth |
tentative | able to be changed |
parsimonious | as simple as possible |
concerned with theory | figuring out why and how |
good theory | falsifiable |
law | a statement that certain events are regularly associated with each other in an orderly way |
theory | a statement or set or statements explaining one or more laws, usually including one indirect concept needed to explain the relationship |
falsifiability | the property of a good theory that it is capable of disproof |