| Case |
Summary |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | The Supreme Court broadly interpreted the clause in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity |
| Marbury v. Madison | The case in which Marshall first asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Seperate but equal is inherently unequal |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | Established the supremacy of the national government over state governments. |
| Tinker v. Des Moines School District | Symbolic speech of students is protected by the First Amendment. |
| Gitlow v. New York | Overturned Barron v. Baltimore and incorporated the right to free speech to the states. |
| New York Times v. Sullivan | Set guidelines for winning libel suits. |
| Buckley. v. Valeo | "Reasonable restrictions" on campaign contributions are allowed, but limits on |
| Texas v. Johnson | Flag burning is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment. |
| Engel v. Vitale | New York cannot mandate a state-composed non-denominational prayer be read in schools beecause it violated the Establishment Clause. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Seperate but equal facilities for blacks and whites. |
| Dread Scott V. Sanford | equal protectin of the law |
| Furman v. Georgia | Capital Punishment |
| Korematsu v. United States | Presidential Powers and Duties & 15; Due Process Clause |
| United States v. Nixon | Separation of Powers, Executive Privilege |
| Shepard v. Univ. of Wyoming | prompted calls for new legislation addressing hate crime, urged particularly by those who believed that Shepard was targeted on the basis of his sexual orientation. Under current United States federal law and Wyoming state law, crimes committed on the bas |
| Flecther v. Peck | first case in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional |
| INS v. Chada | United States Supreme Court case ruling that the legislative veto violated the constitutional separation of powers. |
| Clinton v. NYC | Struck down the line-item veto. The line-item veto unconstitutionally gavepresident "the unilateral power to change the text of duly enacted statutes. |
| Loving v. Virginia | ending all race-based legal restrictions on marriage |
| Heart of Atlanta Motel v. U.S | Defined hotels, restaurants, etc, as interstate commerce because they serveinterstate travellers, and are therefore required to follow federal law oninterstate commerce. The hotel was no longer allowed to discriminate on thebasis of race. |
| New York Times v. U.S | The government may not restrict the press from publishing what is labeled as"classified information" if the materials will not cause an inevitable, direct, andimmediate event imperiling the safety of American forces. |
| Brandenburg v. Ohio | Extended the scope of political speech - allows virtually all political speech,unless it is demonstrably linked to immediate lawless behavior |
| Webster v. Human Resources | |
| Escabedo v. Illinois | If the miranda right is not ready to a person or persons being taken intocustody, then due process is violated. In this case a man was not informed ofhis right to remain silent before being questioned by the police and was deniedthe right to counsel. |
| Westberry v. Sanders | districts have to be approximately equal in population |
| Rostker v. Goldberg | Selective Service system to adopt a policy of requiring only men to register for the draft |
| Reynolds v. Sims | districts for upper houses of state legislatures seats had to be roughly equal in population. |
| Black v. Virginia | cross-burning can be a criminal offense if the intent to intimidate is proven. |
| Bowers v. Hardwick | sodomy law that criminalized oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults |
| Shaw v. Reno | redistricting based on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny under the equal protection clause. |
| Romero v. Evans | prevented any city, town or county in the state from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect homosexual citizens from discrimination on the basis of their sexual orientation. |
| Martin v. PGA Tour | PGA Tour could not lawfully deny him the option to ride in a golf cart between shots |
| Bradwell v. State of Illinois | Myra Bradwell's efforts to gain admission to the Illinois bar resulted in a Supreme Court decision. Bradwell had married a lawyer and read the law with her husband. In 1869 she passed the Illinois bar examination but was refused admission to the bar. She |
| Civil Rights cases of 1883 | The decision held that Congress lacked the constitutional authority under the enforcement provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals and organizations, rather than state and local governments. |
| City of Ricmond v. J. A Croson Co. | the city council of Richmond's minority set-aside program, giving preference to minority business enterprises (MBE) in the awarding of municipal contracts, was unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause |
| Gregg v. Georgia | Death penalty does not violate cruel and unusual punishment if administered fairly |
| Roe v. Wade | abortion rights |
| Griswold v. Connecticut | marital privacy |
| Regents of the University of California v. Bakke | affirmative action in school acceptance |
| Barron v. Baltimore | a precedent on whether the United States Bill of Rights could be applied to state governments |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | right to be represented in court |
| Mapp v. Ohio | search and seizure |
| Lemon v. Kurtzman | funding for church related educational institutions |
| Boy Scouts of America v. Dale | The boy scouts were allowed to dismiss a leader after learning that he wasgay, holding that freedom of association outweighed the New Jersey antidiscrimination statute. |
| Bush v. Gore | constitutionallity of the recount |
| Schenck v. US | free speech |
| Miranda v. Arizona | police must read off your rights |
| Reynolds v. United States | religion/rights of more then one husband or wife |
| Baker v. Carr | reapportionment |
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