Term | Definition |
Mitosis | Process of cell division in which one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells with the same number and kinds of chromosomes. |
Meiosis | Process of cell division which results in formation of gametes (sperm and egg) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
The phases of the cell cycle | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis. |
Interphase | Before mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied |
Prophase | Mitosis begins. The nuclear membrane dissolves. Chromosomes condense into rod-like structures. |
Metaphase | The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell |
Anaphase | Chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell |
Telophase | The nuclear membrane forms around the two sets of chromosomes, and the chromosomes unwind. Mitosis is complete. |
Cytokinesis | In cells that lack a cell wall, the cell pinches in two. In cells that have a cell wall, a cell plate forms between the two new cells. |
Why cells do mitosis | To repair, grow, and replace |
How many times a cell divides during mitosis | 1 time |
How many daughter cells are produced during mitosis | 2 identical daughter cells |
The number of chromosomes change during mitosis | No, the number of chromosomes stay the same |
The final result after mitosis | 2 identical daughter cells |
The final result of mitosis is diploid or haploid | Diploid |
Why cells do meiosis | For sexual reproduction |
How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis | 4 identical daughter cells |
The number of chromosomes change during meiosis | Yes, the number of chromosomes are split during cell division |
The final result of meiosis | 4 sex cells, 1/2 the number of chromosomes than parent cell |
The final result of meiosis is diploid or haploid | Haploid |