Question | Answer |
Cave | A large underground hollow in a rock created over time by weathering and erosion |
Condensation | The process of changing state from a gas to a liquid |
Crevasse | Deep crack that forms in a glacier |
Delta | An area if built-up sediment deposited by a river where the river enmities into an ocean or a lake |
Density | The mass of a given volume |
Deposition | The change in state of a substance for, gas directly to a solid |
Erosion | The transport of sediments from one place to another by agents such as water, glaciers, gravity and wind |
Evaporation | The process of changing state from a liquid to a gas |
Erratic | A large boulder deposited on the ground by a glacier |
Esker | A winding ridge of material deposited by a stream running under a glacier |
Fiord | A narrow inlet of ocean between steep cliffs carved by glaciers |
Freezing point | The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid as heat is removed |
Glaciers | A large moving mass of compressed ice and snow |
Gravity | the force that causes objects to be pulled towards the centre of the earth |
Ground water | The water that has seeped into the ground from the surface of earth |
Hanging valley | A U shaped valley cut off by a bigger valley created by a large glacier |
Horn | A pyramid shaped peak located between three cirques |
Hydrologist | A scientist who studies the earth's water systems and helps find solutions to problems related to water quality and quantity |
Iceberg | A large chunk of ice that breaks off a glacier into the ocean |
Karst | An area with many sinkholes |
Landslide | A sudden rapid movement of rock material down the slope of a hill or mountain |
Melting | The process of changing state from a solid to a liquid |
Moraine | A ridge of rocky material deposited by a glacier. Moraines can be found at the sides and farthest advance if a glacier |
Outwash | Material deposited by water from melting glaciers |
Rapids | An area of fast moving churning water in a steep rocky river |
Salinity | A measure of the amount of salts dissolved in a liquid |
Solidification | The process if changing state from a liquid to a solid by the removal of heat |
Striations | Stretch marks cut into rock by glaciers slowing moving over it |
Sublimation | The process of changing state from a solid into a gas without going through the liquid stage |
Weathering (chemical, biological, physical) | A gradual process of breaking down rock into smaller fragments. |
Chemical weathering | Chemical weathering is weathering that involves a chemical reaction with either water, air or another substance and materials in the rocks. |
Biological weathering | Biological weathering is when living things cause mechanical or chemical weathering. |
Physical weathering | Weathering caused by a physical force (eg. Wave action) |