Term | Definition |
vitamin D | the "sunshine vitamin" |
vitamin A | the vitamin that helps your eyesight;body can manufacture this vitamin from carotene;
good sources include: deep yellow fruits and vegetables |
B vitamins | eight vitamins that work together;
good sources include: liver and wheat germ |
vitamin C | water-soluble vitamin that you need daily because the body cannot store it;
good sources include:citrus fruits |
vitamin E | helps to heal burns and wounds when applied directly |
vitamin K | fat-soluble vitamin that helps your blod to clot;
good sources include: alfalfa sprouts and green leafy vegetables |
calcium | most common mineral found in your body |
phosphorus | mineral that works with calcium to give you strong bones and teeth |
magnesium | mineral needed by the body for strenuous activities |
sodium | mineral found naturally in table salt |
potassium | lack of this mineral makes you feel tired and grouchy |
iron | mineral that helps your blood stay healthy |
iodine | mineral that helps your thyroid gland function properly;lack of this mineral can cause a goiter
good sources include: iodized salt |
zinc | mineral necessary for normal growth, for wounds to heal properly, and to keep your body's immune system functioning;
good sources include: shellfish |
energy | the ability to do work |
Calories | measures the amount of energy stored in food |
malnutrition | poor nutrition |
protein | provide your body with material for growth and repair |
carbohydrates | foods containing sugar and starch; gives you energy for physical activity |
saturated fats | animal fats, palm oil and coconut oil |
nutrients | substances found in food that help your body grow and develop |
balanced diet | diet containing all the nutrients necessary to keep you healthy |
metabolism | process by which your body produces and uses energy from food |
minerals | nutrients from the soil that are found in many foods you eat |
Osteoporosis | disease in which the bones of adults become fragile |
Goiter | swelling in the neck that is caused by insufficient iodine |
Anemia | disease caused by a lack of vitamin D |
Rickets | condition in which a person has too few red blood cells |
high-Calorie foods | foods that produce much energy |
low-Calorie foods | foods that produce little energy |
unsaturated fats | vegetable oils and fish oils |
simple carbohydrates | short chains of simple sugars |
complex carbohydrates | long chains of simple sugars |
fiber | nutrient that helps with the eliminate waste materials in your body |
fats and oils | nutrient that you need the least of |