Term | Definition |
Photosynthesis | The process by which plants and some other organisms capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food |
Respiration | The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain |
Fermentation | The process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen |
Mitochondria | Rod-shaped cell structures that produce most of the energy needed to carry out the cell's functions |
Chloroplast | A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food |
Krebs Cycle | The sequence of reactions by which most living cells generate energy during the process of aerobic respiration |
Cell | The basic unit of structure and function in living things |
Cell Membrane | A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell |
Nucleus | A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell's activities |
Nuclear Membrane | Membrane surrounding the nucleus separating the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways i which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another |
Cell Wall | A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms |
Vacuole | A water-filled sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area |
Nucleolus | Produces Ribosomes |
Ribosomes | A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells |
Golgi Body | A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them of other parts of the cell |
Lysosome | A small round cell structure that contains chemicals that break down large food particles into small ones |
Centrioles | Cylindrical structures composed of groupings of microtubes |
Pigment | A colored chemical compound that absorbs light |
Stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move |
Chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
Cell theory | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things |
Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger |
Compound Microscope | A light microscope that has more than one lens |
Magnification | The ability to make things look larger then they are |
Convex Lens | A curved lens in which the center is thicker than the edges |
Resolution | The ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object |