Question | Answer |
Abraham Maslow is famous for what chart? | The Hierarchy of Needs |
Define domestication. | Animals under the control of men throughout their lives. Animals which are dependent upon men for protection or food. |
When was the first animal domesticated? | 12,000 BC |
What parts comprise the non carcass, or offal of an animal? | Hide, Reproductive Tract, Head, Digestive Tract, Blood, Viscera |
What is the dressing percentage of an animal? | The portion of the live weight that becomes the carcass, or; DP= (Carcass Wt/Live Wt) x 100 |
Define cutability. | The portion of the carcass that is boneless, closely trimmed retail cuts. The portion of the carcass that is muscle. |
What is the formula to calculate the cutability of a carcass? | Retail Cut/Carcass Wt. |
Define yield grades. | Indicators of cutability |
Define quality grades. | Indicators of palatability |
What are the components of palatability? | Tenderness, juiciness and flavor |
What is a chromosome? | self-replicating genetic structure of cells containing the cellular DNA that bears in its nucleotide the linear array of genes |
What does it mean to be homologous? | corresponding in the type of structure and derived from a common primitive origin |
What is a gene? | the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity |
What is a locus? | the place on a chromosome where a gene is located |
What is an allele? | genes occupying corresponding loci in homologous chromosomes that affect the same hereditary trait but in different ways |
What is mitosis? | process in which the cell undergoes replication and division into two daughter cells; reproduction of somatic cells |
What is meiosis? | production of gamete cells |
What is a gamete? | male and female reproductive cells otherwise known as the sperm cell and the egg cell |
What is a zygote? | the cell formed by the union of two gametes |
What is a diploid? | two chromosomes |
What is a haploid? | one chromosome |
Define 2n. | another way of saying diploid |
Define 1n. | another way of saying haploid |
What does it mean to be homozygous? | an individual whose genes for a specific trait are alike |
What does it mean to be heterozygous? | an individual that possesses unlike genes for a particular trait |
What are Mendel's two laws (based on genetic patterns)? | Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment |
What is the Law of Segregation? | chromosome pairs; seperate during gamete formation |
What is the Law of Independent Assortment? | allele pairs seperate independently during gamete formation |
What does it mean to 'crossover'? | random trait crossing during gamete formation |
Define dominant. | gene that overpowers the expression of its recessive allele |
Define recessive. | gene that has its phenotype masked by its dominant allele when the two genes are present together in an individual |
What does "simply-inherited" mean? | usually one gene; usually an either/or
Ex: horned/polled |
What does it mean to be polygenic? | more than one gene code for a trait |
How many chromosmes does a human have? | 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs |
Define genotype. | genetic make up of an animal |
Define phenotype. | physical appearance |