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Linguistics-1

QuestionAnswer
Prescriptivists self-appointed "language doctors" seeking to guide speakers to what they perceive to be proper language through rules such as the following
prescriptive rules standard for educated writing, different views, resisting change, made up
justifications for prescriptivism old is better, those are the conventions, more logical, I said so
use of prescriptivism preservation, clarity, standardization, social gatekeeping
descriptive grammar seeks to understand languages through the scientific study of language. seeking to uncover subconscious knowledge
goal of descriptive grammar? to uncover a set of rules that will give a grammatical sentence
linguistic competence knowledge in speakers minds which allows language to be generated
why don't we study linguistic performance because it is distorted by memory, false starts, fatigue. There are performance errors
mental grammar a set of rules for how language is structured (tacit)
metalinguistic knowledge knowledge about knowledge of language
what does it mean for an expression to be grammatical it means if it can be generated by grammar; if it is possible to say
what provides evidence for speaker's linguistic competence judgements of grammaticality and judgements of ambiguity
two sides of linguistic creativity 1. native speakers of a language can produce and understand novel sentences of that language 2. native speakers can construct an infinite number of expressions form a limited set of building blocks
recursion linguistic unit of some kind containing a unit of the same kind
nominal compound a noun composed of two nouns
head of a compound a noun that determines its basic meaning
right hand head rule of English head of a compound is always on the right
Early nativism Plato- learning is just remembering in-born knowledge
rationalist nativism - Descartes knowledge of things like god adn infinity is innate
rational nativism - Leibniz experience is particular, "necessary truths" are innate, given by benevolent god
nativism knowledge is built in
naturalists criticism on nativism too mystical, too much theology, unnecessarily extravagant, knowledge must be explained though scientific methods
emiricism all knowledge comes from experience
tabula rasa the mind is at birth a blank slate
behaviorism learning is stimulus driven, as time passes, language will become for accurate
modern nativism some experience some innateness
noam chomsky language is innate, knowledge of language is part of human mind
human language faculty knowledge of language is part of human mind
Created by: lkp12001
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