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NYCC Human DD Plez
Human Dev. Diagnosis Dr. Plezbert test 3 Spring 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In 2010 an estimated ___% of the population was over 65. In 2030, that number will be ___% | 14% 22% |
| The fastest growing segment of the population? | OVER 85 y.o.a. |
| Geriatrics | specialty of medicine focusing on the treatment, management, and PREVENTION OF ILLNESS and disease states in older adults. |
| Gerontology | the study of biological, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIAL aspects of human aging |
| Baby boomer years | 1946-1966 |
| What is the average life expectancy of a Boomer today? | 80's (in 1900, avg was 47 yo) |
| pre-geriatric geriatric pre-centurian centurian (ages) | 55-64 65+ 85-99 100+ |
| W.H.O. defines ELDERLY, OLD, and VERY OLD as? | Elderly 5-70 Old 76-0 Very old >90 |
| Familiarize yourself w/ the top 8 causes of mortality in the US | Cardiovascular dz, Malignancy, Stroke (CVA), Respiratory conditions, Accidents/fx, Diabetes, Suicide, Liver dz |
| How about the top 8 causes of morbidity? | Arthritis, Hypertension, Hearing impairment, Heart dz, Visual impairment, Diabetes, Orthopedic deformity, varicose veins |
| indicates a medical condition existing simultaneously but INDEPENDENTLY with another condition in a patient | CO-morbidity |
| living in an UNHEALTHY state either PHYSICALLY OR MENTALLY -diminished quality of life due to a disease state | Morbidity (consequences of chronic disease) |
| Is the incidence of ADL limitations going up or down in over 65? | down |
| Is the death rate for heart dz going up or down? | down *malignancy is steady Cerebrovascular is down Diabetes is up Alzheimer's is up Chronic lower respiratory is down |
| What country has the highest life expectancy for both men and women? | Japan (France is 2nd for women! Move to France - yay!) |
| Who has higher degree over age 65 of functional limitations (stooping, kneeling, reaching overhead, walking 2-3 blocks, lifting 10 lbs) | Women (men at 19%, women at 32% - the price of living longer) |
| Avg percent of over 65 Medicare who have limitations in ADL's and get personal assistance | 65-70% |
| What is the number one concern of older people? | being VICTIMIZED (fear) others: ageism, loss of function/independence, financial issues, transportation |
| Percentage of US population over 65 visiting chiro college clinics | 13% Percentage of chiro patients over 65 is 17% (table difficult to interpret but instructor teaching class published it so...it's in the notes) |
| What is the majority age of chiropractors, accding to NBCE | 31-50 yo is 29% over 65 is 15.4% 51-64 is 22.8% |
| Chief complaints at chiro offices | LBP/pelvic, midback, neck, HA or facial pain (um...everything) = 65.8% Extremity 17.1%, Chest/ab 6.6%, Wellness 8.0%, Other non-MS 2.5% |
| The majority of patient conditions in chiro offices arise (etiology) from: | ADL's (21%) Overuse/repetitive stress MVA's Sports/exercise/recreation Emotional/environ/diet stress Acute/chronic or other illness |
| According to BJ Palmer (yikes), elderly patients are vulnerable to the 3 main causes of the VSC (yikes, again): | Negative thoughts Toxins Trauma |
| Dr. Charles Brown-Sequard | French physiologist: Hormonal manipulations - guinea pig testicle extract to increase mm mass, grip strength, vim and vigor (for anyone under 30 out there, that just means 'mojo'). |
| Quick board review: what is Brown-Sequard syndrome | Hemiplegia where on ipsilateral side is loss of motor, vibration, discrimination, proprioreception and on contralateral side side is loss of pain and temperature. |
| More evidence of male science: Professor Voronoff in the early 1900's grafted ______ to aged persons. | testicles |
| Dr. Ellie Metchinkoff, awarded the Nobel prize for discovering phagocytosis, believed in auto-intoxication from | fermentation in the colon caused physical deterioration. Luckily, after the good doctor stopped advocating for 'prophylatic colonectomies,' he switched to clean colon idea of YOGURT cultures. |
| Most favored current theories of aging: | Neuroendocrine Free-radical Genetic expression (hopefully she means telomeric length) |
| Dr. Vladimir Dilman could have been a vampire, but his last name was Dilman. What was his neuroendocrine theory? | Hypothalamus = Master endocrine gland Loses sensitivity to peripheral hormones ergo, doesn't keep up. |
| Neuroendocrine theory of aging: Dilman | hypothalamus = master endocrine gland loss w/ age leads to cannot detect low hormone levels |
| Free Radical theory of aging: Dr. Denham Harman, MD, PhD is the ___________ Pioneer! | ANTIOXIDANT Free radicals create cell damage b/c aging causes decreased production of SOD, Catalase, and Glu Perox that kill free radicals. |
| Free radical theory of aging: Instances of free radical damage | Harman: cell proteins, membranes, DNA, lipofuscin accumulation |
| Genetic control theory of aging: | Telomeres! Death is encoded within DNA at birth via predetermined cell divisions. Longevity runs in family Lifespan constant for many species |
| Other names for the telomere genetic control theory of pre-programmed DNA replication longevity | Pacemaker theory Hayflick phenomenon |
| Molecular theories of aging: (3) | 1. Error & Somatic mutation 2. Error in DNA/RNA synthesis results in abnormal protein synth 3. Gradual accumulation of molecular damage impairs regulation of gene expression |
| WEAR & TEAR theory | Repeated use causes wearing out Inability to continuously repair Overall deterioration & tissue destruction |
| Age pigments: accumulation of ___________ most predominate age associated change**** | LIPOFUSCIN = ***most predominate age-associated change |
| Where does LIPOFUSCIN go? | Neurons Cardiac myocytes liver adrenals testes |
| Effect of LIPOFUSCIN on cells? | LOSS of cytoplasmic mass LOSS of mitochondria LOSS of rough ER |
| Cross-linking theory | Biological macromolecules develop CROSS-LINKAGES with other molecules -alters physical/chemical properties -damages cells and tissues -AGE's [ Advanced Glycosylation End products ] |
| AGE's | Advanced Glycosylation End products that occur due to cross linking (theory of aging) |
| Lifestyle factors that affect aging (ie, behaviors and attitudes that screw you) | Lack of exercise Smoking, alcohol (or smoking alcohol) Inadequate nutrition Obesity Mental health |
| Lots of tests done to approximate biological age: | Near vision, Hearing, Skin turgor (vs. dehydration), Reaction times, Lipid levels, Pulmonary fcn, Blood pressure, Exercise stress tests |
| Name the BASELINE HORMONES that should be assessed? | THYROID - DHEA - TESTOSTERONE/ESTROGEN/PROGESTERONE - GROWTH HORMONE - MELATONIN |
| Are MANUAL THERAPIES considered anti-aging interventions? | YES |
| Typical anti-aging interventions: | Hormone replacement, Low glycemic diets, Anti-oxidant and mineral supplements, Detox regimens, Stem cell therapy, Exercise |
| Name an anti-aging organization | American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) |
| What is a functional status exam? | Measures the ability to function in the world from basic to more complex tasks is predominately correlated with neuromusculoskeletal abilities |
| Name 2 functional status exams for aging | IADL's = instrumental activities of daily living/more complex tasks ADL's = Activities of daily living/ more basic functions |
| Which one measures more complex tasks: IADL's or ADL's | IADL Instrumental... |
| 6 basic ADL items: | Bathing, Continence, Dressing, Feeding, Toileting, Transferring |
Created by:
hecutler
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