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Hydrotherapy AMTT
Hydrotherapy info for test at AMTT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What ancient cultures have used hydrotherapy? | Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans |
| Were the first man made baths usually hot or cold? | Cold |
| Who was the first to use soap? | The Greeks |
| When did the first Roman bath houses appear? | 312 BC |
| Who made the first bathtub as we know it? | The french |
| What is the LeBoyer Method? | A gentle birth process, where a newborn is placed in a basin of warm water right after delivery. |
| What kind of of circulation treatment did the Russians and Swedes advocate? | Beating themselves with branches and then taking a plunge into icy waters. |
| What is Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897) usually referred to as? | The father of hydrotherapy |
| Who founded the Battle Creek Sanitarium? | Dr. John Harvey Kellogg |
| When was the water cure movement at its peak in the USA? | 1840-1870 |
| What percentage of the human body is made up of water? | 55% - 60% |
| How much does water weigh per gallon | 8 pounds |
| Is the density of water close to that of the human body? | Yes |
| Hydrostatic pressure increases the venous and lymphatic movement in what area of the body? | Peripheral parts |
| Is blood a water based system? | Yes |
| Classifications of changes produced by water applied to the human body are classified as: | Thermal Mechanical Chemical |
| Thermal changes | Temperatures above or below that of the body produces _______ change. The greater the difference in the temperature from the normal body temperature, the greater the physiological effect produced. The thermal effect of water is considered most important |
| Mechanical changes | This effect is produced by the impact of water upon the surface of the skin |
| Chemical changes | When water is taken internally either by the mouth or in another body cavity, it is considered a ______ chemical effect. |
| Duration of treatments | Very short Short Prolonged Very Prolonged |
| Very short treatment | Usually with cold water 5-10 seconds |
| Short treatment | Usually with cold water 10-60 seconds |
| Prolonged treatment | Usually with hot water 1-10 minutes |
| Very prolonged treatment | Usually with warm water 10-30 minutes |
| What is the limit of tolerant for body temperature in the human body's core? | 77-111 degrees Fahrenheit |
| Dangerously hot water | 120 F and up is Injurious or deadly |
| Painfully hot water | 110-120 F Injurious |
| Very Hot water | 104-110 F Tolerable for short periods |
| Hot water | 98-104 F Tolerable, reddens skin |
| Warm water (neutral 94-97) | 92-98 F Comfortable |
| Tepid water | 80-92 F Slightly below skin temperature |
| Cool water | 65-80 F Produces goose flesh |
| Cold water | 55-65 F Tolerable, but uncomfortable |
| Very Cold water | 32-55 F Painfully cold (deadly) |
| Oral temp | 98.6 F |
| Axillary temp | 97.6 F |
| Rectal (groin)temp | 99.6 F |
| Blood temp | 102 F |
| Skin temp | 92 F |
| Brain temp | 104 F |
| Loss of consciousness | 92 F |
| Death | 72 F |
| Boiling Point (water) | 212 F |
| Freezing Point (water) | 32 F |
| Protein Breakdown Occurs (causing death) | 112 F |
| There is a 5.4 difference between oral and brain temperatures what happens when the oral temp reaches the brain temp? | Brain damage |
| Fahrenheit to Celsius | 5 x (F -32) / 9 = C |
| Celsius to Fahrenheit | (9 x C) / 5 + 32 = F |
| Conduction of heat via water | Transferred by contact |
| Convection of heat | transferred by moving currents of heated liquids or gases |
| Conversions of heat | transferred by the passage through the body part by some form of energy |
| Radiation of heat | transferred by wave motion from an energy source |
| What is Cryotherapy? | Cold water therapy |
| Types of Cryotherapy (6) | Cold foot bath Cold Plunge Ice packs - make with two zip lock bags, one inside the other 80% water and 20% alcohol. More malleable to the tissue Cold gel packs Ice water immersion Ice massage (cryocup - water frozen in a cup) |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 1 | It first produces vasoconstriction (intrinsic) then vasodilation (reactive), then vasoconstriction again |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 2 | Local application of cold penetrates deeply to the tissue from the surface; due to vasoconstriction, there is no influx of fresh warm blood |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 3 | A short cold application is the best of all procedures as stimulating metabolism |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 4 | Greatly increases oxygen absorption greatly increases carbon dioxide excretion increases nitrogen absorption and excretion increases tissue tone increases peripheral white blood cell count increases peripheral red blood cell count decreases blood gl |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 5 | A long cold application depresses the metabolism |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 6 | Prolonged application of cold leads to physical condition called hypothermia |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 7 | Interrupts the "pain/spasm/pain" cycle |
| Affect of Cryotherapy 8 | Acts as a pain killer |
| Four phases of human experience of cryotherapy application | Feeling of cold Burning Pain Numbness |
| Ice should be applied directly on the skin only during what? | An ice massage were the ice is constantly moving |
| What is an ice pack an effective treatment for? | an acute sprain or strain |
| RICE | Rest Ice Compression Elevation |
| MICE | Mobilization Ice Compression Elevation |
| Is it ok to apply a frozen object directly to a burn? | No |
| What is Reaction? | The body's attempt to produce homeostasis? |
| Reaction by cold | Produced by short vigorous applications of cold water |
| Reaction to cold can be produced by | Ice packs Cold mitten friction cold wet sheet cold spray immersion bath |
| Reaction is enhanced by: | mechanical stimuli such as friction or the impact of pressure of the water |
| Requirements for desired effects of cold water: | Treatment must be given with vigor and speed Drying and viogrous friction is essential |
| Three phases of human reaction to cold treatment | Circulatory phase Thermic phase Nervous phase |
| Circulatory Phase | vasoconriction, followed very quickly by vasodilation, causing a warm tingling feeling and rosy skin |
| Thermic Phase | Increased heat production to combat the cold stimulus |
| Nervous Phase | Increased muscle tone and a general feeling of increased vigor and well being |
| Heat Application causes | Physio responce that is the body's attempt to eliminate the heat and prevent a rise in body temp, thus maintaing homeostastasis. Heat does not penetrate deeply into the body. Local heat is dissipated by the increase in blood flow due to vasodilation. |
| General Effects of Heat applications on the body | Heat produces first vasodilation (intrinsic)then vasostasis (reactive) Local application of heat does not penetrate deeply beneath the skin surface and is confined largely to the skin and subcutaneous tissue Metabolism is increased by heat |
| Hot applications cause | Increase in oxygen absorption Increase carbon dioxide excretion increase blood glucose decrease tissue tone decrease peripheral white blood cell count decrease peripheral red blood cell count |
| Long hot procedures depress circulation and increase metabolism | This is a potentially dangerous incompatibility. Increased metabolism requires a corresponding increase in circulation to support it, for example to bring in the necessary nutritional ingredients and carry off the resultant waste products |
| Why should you always take in fluids during/after a heat treatment | To replace lost electrolytes so that nitrogenous waste remaining in blood is not concentrated. |
| Prolonged use of heat can cause what? | Tetany and hyperventalation. An effective remedy is to hold the breath. |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 1 | Increases blood flow: wet heat at 113 F for 20-30 min increases blood flow. This increased blood flow increases the flow of nutrients and oxygen to the tissue and the flow of waste products and carbon dioxide out from the tissues. Increases last one hou |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 2 | Increased oxygen in arteries |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 3 | Increased metabolism in local tissues |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 4 | Increased leukocyte migration, increase in neutrophils mobilizes the body's defenses against disease |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 5 | Increase muscle relaxation in area under influence. Increased local sweating - loss of water, salt, urea, and lactic acid. Sweating can be referred to as "sudoresis" or "diaphoresis" |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 6 | Local analgesia in chronic cases |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 7 | Increases in heart rate - decreases stroke volume |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 8 | Increases respiratory rate 5 or 6 respiration per degree Fahrenheit rise in temperature |
| Local effects of Wet (moist) heat 9 | Increased blood volume due to shift of fluids from tissue to blood stream |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 1 | Prolonged heat treatments can cause reactions not only in the area to which the heat is applied, but also to other areas of the body. The primary effects of prolonged heat treatments are reflexive |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 2 | Because the therapist is not generally seeking the reflexive effect, limit any applications to the time needed only to accomplish the intrinsic effects |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 3 | Prolonged heat to one extremity causes vasodilation in the contralateral extremity` |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 4 | Prolonged heat to the abdominal wall causes decreased intestinal blood flow and intestinal mobility and decreases secretion of acid in the stomach |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 5 | Prolonged heat to the pelvis relaxes the muscular pelvic organs, dilates the blood vessels and increases menstrual flow |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 6 | Prolonged heat to the pericardium increases the heart rate, decreases the force and lowers the blood pressure |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 7 | Prolonged moist heat to the chest promotes ease of respiration and expectoration |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 8 | Prolonged heat to the trunk, such as a hot trunk pack, relaxes the ureters and bile ducts |
| Reflexive Effects of Prolonged Heat 9 | Prolonged moist heat to the area over the kidneys in the back and lower abdomen in front increases the production of urine |
| Heat Treatments help to: | Alleviate pain in chronic conditions Improve ability to stretch or exercise Decrease recovery time from exercise Relax muscles and fascia Decrease muscle spasm Sedate the client Make the muscles easier to work with |
| Thixotrophy | Thickening of the ground substance in the fascicle related to inactivity and cold. |
Created by:
JPZepeda
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