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Psychology Exam Card
Chapters 1-20 Terms.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychology uses what steps of the scientific method? | conduct experiments analyze data form a conclusion |
| False Science | relies on non verify evidence |
| Psychology | the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes |
| Behavior | any action that people can observe or measure can be moving, functioning or observing |
| Cognitive Activities | are mental processes which can not be measured seen, or touched such as dreams, perception, thoughts, and memories |
| Psychological Constructs | concepts that enable one to discuss something that cannot be seen touched or measured directly |
| What are the goals of psychology? | to be able to - observe - describe - explain - predict - control behavior and to better understand them. |
| What two methods are used in Psychological Research? | surveys experimentation |
| Biological Perspective | the perspective that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior and genes |
| Evolutionary Perspective | the theory that focuses on the evolution of behavior and mental process/ inherited tendencies that influence people in certain ways |
| Cognitive Perspective | emphasizes the role of thought processes in determining behavior |
| Humanistic Perspective | stresses the human capacity for self-fulfillment and the importance of consciousness, self-awareness and the freedom to make choices |
| Learning Perspective | emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior |
| Socio cultural Perspective | focuses on the influences of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status on behavior and mental processes |
| Contemporary psychoanalytic perspective | conscious choice and self- direction |
| Clinical Psychology | the biggest group and ranges from adult mental health to general mental health. ( hospitals and prisons) it helps people w/ psychological problems overcome them, and adjust to the demands of their lives. |
| Counseling Psychology | uses interviews and tests to identify their client's problems, treat people w/ adjustment issues by clarifying their goals, problems and meet challenges. |
| School Psychology | identify and help students who have problems that interfere w/ learning such as peer group, family and or learning disorders by talking and observing |
| Educational Psychology | focus on course planning and instructional methods for an entire school system rather than individuals |
| Developmental Psychology | study that changes that occur throughout a person's life span --physical , emotional, cognitive, and social by ways of tests |
| Personality Psychology | identify human characteristics or traits// and study development. in ex. anxiety, aggression, and gender roles |
| Social Psychology | concerned w/ people's behavior in social situations and generally focus on external influences. |
| Experimental Psychology | conduct research into basic processes such as functions of the nervous system and explore biological and psychological reasons for cognitive behavior. |
| basic research | research that is conducted for its own sake amd has no immediate application |
| Environmental Psychology | focuses on the ways in which people influence and are influenced by their physical environ. |
| Consumer Psychology | study and predict the behavior of shoppers. |
| Industrial and Organizational Psychology | focuses on people at work/ focuses on the behavior of people in organizations |
| Forensic Psychology | may explain how certain kinds of psychological problems give rise to criminal behavior |
| Health Psychology | examine the ways in which behavior and mental processes relate to physical health. |
| introspection | an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings. |
| association ism | the theory that our understanding of the world occurs through ideas associated with similar sensory experience and perceptions |
| Pioneers in Psychology | in the late 1800s psychologists studied behavior and mental processes using a series of experiements to test a single theory |
| Wilhelm Wundt | (1832-1920) founded a field psychology that is structuralism. Wundt broken down consciousness into objective sensations and subjective feelings. founded structuralism |
| William James | (1842-1910) conscious experience could not broken down and that a stream of consciousness is the experience. founded functionalism. |
| functionalism | emphasizes the purposes of behavior and mental processes and what they accomplish for the indiv. |
| Sigmund Freud | founded the school of psychoanalysis and gained his understanding of human behavior through their problems |
| psychoanalysis | emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and internal conflicts as determinants of human behavior |
| psychodynamic thinking |
Created by:
kaysummer200
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