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NIC study guide
Cultural Frames: Schemas, Beneficence and Audism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Schema | an organizational or conceptual pattern in the mind; the contextual frame or "script" that helps us interpret what is happening; learned informally from our social and cultural interactions. |
| Oppression | unjust or excessive exercise of power or position; results in the disenfranchisement of others. |
| Marginalization | The systematic exclusion of minority group members from quality social services, economic opportunities, health care: the absence of power or a voice. |
| Audism | an attitude based on pathological thinking that results in a negative stigma toward anyone who does not hear; it judges labels, and limits individuals on the basis of whether a person hears and speaks |
| Pathological View of Deaf People | Deaf individuals are viewed as disabled and imperfect needing to be "fixed". |
| Cultural View of Deaf People | Deaf individuals are normal, capable human beings encountering life in a different yet acceptable way, confoming with norms and behaviors based on visual/non hearing norms |
| Pejorative view of the minority group | feel that being differentthan the "ideal"(fat,poor, blind) etc. is bad |
| Reciprocity of perspectives | an assumption that the experiences and values of another group are identical to your own. Thus, if you traded places, members of the second group would come to view the world like yourself and develop concomitant values. |
| Myth of the misguided child | a belief by members of a majority group that individuals in a particular minority group don't know what is best for them and thus require "guidance" by the majority group. |
| Paternalism | desire to take members of the minority group "under their wing", assuming a "know it all" or "take charge" stance. |
| Need for approval | expectation that minority group members should make regular expressions of appreciation and gratitude for all of the help given. |
| Fear of freedom | a lack of determined action that might lead to true equality and empowerment based on fear and sense of inferiority that "paralyzes" oppressed individuals; this response is common among members of an oppressed group, in spite of their anger about the inju |
| Institutionalized oppression | attitudes taught overtly or covertly in schools, through the media, and in homes and churches that result in the denigration of a minority group's language, culture, and personhood; a result of individual and group oppression; members of the minority grou |
| Ambivalence | having both negative and positive feelings about something; common reaction of members of the oppressed group who have both postive and negative feelings about themselves and the minority group they are affiliated with. |
| Fatalism or passivity | the tendency of members of an oppressed group to feel powerless to change or strike back at "the system"; a "go with the flow" and "don't rock the boat" attitude |
| Horizontal Hostility | the tendency of members of a minority group to turn its anger on other members of its own group; results range from barbed comments and putdowns to verbal or physical attacks and physical violence. |
| "Benefactors are perfect" | mistaking privilege for perfection |
| Emotional dependence on the oppressor | feeling powerless and believing only members of the majority group can change things; |
| Dependence on the "benefactor" | when minority group members being dependent upon members of the power group for certain things they perceive they are unable to do for themselves |
| Group oppression | a situation in which the dominant group denigrates members of a minority, including their self-worth, abilities, intelligence, and right to be differenct and affirmed in that difference; includes a denial of the minority groups language and opportunities |
| Negative view of the oppressed group | stigmatization of members of the minority group because they do not measure up to standards established by the majority; the stigmatized group is marginalized - systematically shut out of opportunities that lead to inclusion and equality. |
| Paternalism and possessive consciousness | a caretaker attitude by members of the dominant group toward minority group members based on the assumption that they are unable to make appropriate decisions and need to be taken care of. |
| Resistance to attempts for liberation | a fear on the part of members in the power group toward any attempts on the part of the oppressed group toward liberation or equality. |
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