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Anatomy of the Heart

Heart Anatomy (Exercise 30)

QuestionAnswer
where is the heart located within the mediastinum, or medial vacity of the thorax
it is flanked ___ by the lungs, ____ by the vertebral column, & ____ by the sternum laterally by the lungs, posteriorly by the vertebral column, & anteriorly by the sternum
pericardium encloses the heart within a double-walled fibroserous sac
visceral pericardium epicardium- is thin; closely applied to the heart muscle, reflects downward at the base of the heart to form its compaion serous membrane
parietal pericardium outer, looser, attached at the heart apex to the diaphragm
fibrous pericardium (loosely fitting, superficial), composed of dense connective tissue, lined by the serous parietal pericardium
pericarditis inflamation of the pericardium, causes painful adhesions between the serous pericarial layers (interferes with heart movements
myocardium cardiac muscle that the walls of the heart are composed primarily of, it is reinforced internally by a dense fibrous connective tissue network
fibrous skeleton of the heart is the network that is more elaborate & thicker in certain areas, Ex. around valves & at the base of the great vessels leaving the heart
name the four chambers of the heart 2 superior atria & 2 inferior ventricles
endocardium lines the chambers, thin serous endothelium
interatrial (interventricular septum); septum that divides the heart longitudinally
blood flows into the atria under ____ from the ___ low pressure; veins of the body
the R atrium receives _____ from the body via the __ & __ relatively oxygen-poor blood, via superior & inferior venae cavae & the coronary sinus
what do the 4 pulmonary veins do? deliver oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium
what do the inferior thick-walled ventricles do? form the bulk of the heart & are the discharging chambers (force blood out of the heart into the large arteries that emerge from its base)
pulmonary trunk (recives blood fr. R ventricle), then it routes blood to the lungs to be oxygenated
aorta recives discharged blood from L ventrcle, all systemic arteries of the body diverge to supply the body tissues
ventricular activity refers to discussions of the heart's pumping action
AV atrioventricular valves, located between the atrial & ventricular chamber son each side, prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles are contracting
mitral bicuspid valve, two cusps(flaps) of endocardium (L AV )
tricuspid valve R AV; 3 cusps
chordae tendineae tiny white collagenic cords (heart strings) anchor the cusps to the ventricular walls
papillary muscles project from the myocardial wall that create the chordae tendineae
diastole period of ventricular filling
systole ventricles contract & compress the blood into their chambers
pulmonary & aortic semilunar valves 2nd set of valves, composed of 3 pocketlike cusps, gauards the bases of the 2 lg arteries leaving the ventriclular chambers
pulmonary circulation R side, pump, shunting the carbon dioxide- rich blood entering its chambers to the lungs to unloade CO & pick of O, back to the L side
systemic circulation carries O-rich blood fr. L heart through body tissues & back to R heart (supplies functional blood supply to all body tissues
Created by: Brina
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