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AMST202
AMST 202 Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is culture? | Learned behaviors, constantly changing, and negotiated set of agreements (people must agree--reluctantly and enthusiastically--in order for culture and the meanings that it produces to have POWER) |
| Why is ethnography used? | Understand groups and human thought and behavior (to study self or others) |
| What does ethnographic fieldwork look like? | Participant observation, interviews and life history. |
| Adaptionist/ideational Models | Adaptionists: environmental determinism (resources, economics and subsistence) drives cultural systems Ideational: people’s cognitive processes and internal thought systems of meaning making determine culture |
| What role do relationships play in ethnographic research? | They help to strengthen methods. |
| What is a cultural tradition? | A system of meaning that includes its own vocab, beliefs and its own set of rules for acting in the world. A small scale system, ex: American materialism, occupational achievement, individualism, romantic love and the nuclear family. |
| Theme of making things strange/defarmiliarizing | Comparing our culture with others. |
| What are the two types of ethnography that are occurring in the Diana Taylor's article? | 1. Performers stage “discovering and gazing at the Native" 2. Performers conduct ethnographic research on the viewers. |
| What does Diana Taylor say about the Native bodies and their use in the western mind? | Native body serves as a “space on which the battles for truth (the other), value (who is less or more intelligent) and power (who will rule)” are waged |
| Hunani Kay Trask | Colonization is the historical process, genocide was the official policy…Native elimination and subjugation (cultural and economic). |
| What is power? | relational, not something that comes from above that people automatically have, is created through specific relationships to resources, people, and institutions. Microstruggles and intimate battles Not always brute violent force but coercion. |
| What is the everyday? | Not transparent BUT opaque “name for the aspects of life that lie hidden” (p.1) An overlooked aspect of culture that needs to be paid attention to. |
| Freud | The realm of unconscious fear and desire. Everyday is not as it appears. |
| Marx | Material life processes or the relations of production that are apart of capitalism. |
| Michel Foucault | Pays attention to the “governance of daily life” (p.10) Repetitive practices that instill a sense of a disciplinary self—that make you watch, adapt your behavior. Policing of everyday life in areas of : sexual practices, hygiene, family life, work, diet. |
| DeCerteau | Everyday life is distinctive from other practices of daily existence because it is repetitive and unconscious. Concepts of strategy and tactics. |
| LeFebvre | Dialectics. The particular (singular acts) of the everyday are saturated with the general…in ways that are always particular. Weave the general and particular together to find meaning or. Totality. |
| Schor | Particular orientations and approaches to evaluating everyday life Examples: Feminist/masculine (everyday’s). Domestic sphere, public sphere. |
| What is the role of art & aesthetics? | Effective at registering the everyday aesthetic forms crucial for studying and articulating the social (21) Help to make things strange or not self-evident. |
| What could sporting styles tell you about a person? | Where a person comes from and who they want to be. |
| The household and blurred gender roles | Family/Household shifts. Urban spaces lead to people having distinct household, no more living with our coworkers. Blurred gender roles in work happened in the harvest because of the urgency to get crops to the market. |
| White vs Black woman's labor | Black women’s labor : Permanent Considered taxable property Elastic-field, domestic, reproductive, sellable, unending White women’s labor: Circumscribable, impermanent Not property/can own self Elastic-field, domestic, reproductive, finite |
| White vs Black woman's reproduction | White women: Reproduce for social and economic good of THEIR community. Black women: Reproduce for the social and economic benefit of another community. Black children could be sold away for white profit |
| Gender as Relational | English gender established by creating an other kind of gender, Black gender (the outside , abject). |
| Stuart Hall on Photography | A way of referencing, a mode of representation that is used by a number of different institutions, people and political projects. |
| High Street Photography | Produce an archive of the history of Black migration in Britain. |
| Innocence | There is no self evident, a fixed truth, already knowable, as in “no innocence". Innocence in another register means: in an in-between state a state of transition, flux in “migranthood” a liminal moment…about to step of the end of the earth. |
| Race | Binary structure of normal and other. A hierarchy created where the NORM (white in US) is dominant (on top) and the "Other" (non-white) is subordinate on bottom. |
| Sex | Assigned based on visible gender. Binary of male and female is created through the institution of medicine. |
| Gender | The way that world creates roles, rules expectations that make you perform masculinity and femininity. |
| Class | More of a ladder system. No binaries yet there is a hierarchy. Takes a long time to change. |
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SDUMD13
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