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P.E. Foundations 1
Personal Fitness
| Vocabulary word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Relative muscular strength | How much weight you can lift one time in relation to your body weight and gender. |
| Relative muscular endurance | How many times you can lift a given weight in relation to your body weight and gender. |
| Progressive restistance | The continued, systematic increase of muscle stress through the use of weights or other forms of resistance. |
| Weight training | The use of such equipment as barbells, dumbbells, and machines to improve fitness, health, and appearance. |
| Cardiac muscle | Muscle in the heart and arteries. |
| Smooth muscle | Muscle located around internal organs that automatically controls many functions of the body. |
| Skeletal muscle | Muscle located around bones and joints that controls movement. |
| Contract | To shorten. |
| Muscle fibers (muscle cells) | Long, thin structures the size of human hairs that contract to create movement. They run the entire length of a muscle. |
| Connective tissue | The "glue" for the body tissue that binds muscles and bones together while still allowing them to move more efficiently. |
| Nerve | In a muscle, the part that delivers the messages from the brain to direct each individual muscle fiber to contract. |
| Blood vessel | In a muscle, the structure that provides oxygen, energy, and a waste removal system for each muscle fiber. |
| Concentric contraction | The contraction and shortening of a muscle, which results in the movement of bones and joints; also called positive work. |
| Eccentric contraction | A muscle's slow release of a contraction as it becomes longer; also called negative work. |
| Isotonic progressive resistance | A combination of concentric and eccentric muscle contractions. |
| Isometric contraction | A muscle's pushing against an immovable object and having no movement occur as it attempts to contract. The muscle does not become shorter or longer but creates tension. |
| Hypertrophy | Muscle enlargement due to the thickening of each existing muscle fiber. |
| Atrophy | A loss of muscle size and strength because of lack of use. |
| Hyperplasia | A theory of muscle enlargement that says muscle growth is due to muscle fibers splitting and creating additional fibers. |
| Genetic potential | Inherited muscle characteristics that determine the percentage, type, and number of our muscle fibers. |
| Microtear | A small tear in a part of a muscle fiber or connective tissue because of greater-than-usual resistance; causes muscle soreness. |
Created by:
funkymonkey21
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