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muscles
upper extremities
muscle | origin | insertion | innervation | action |
---|---|---|---|---|
Brachioradialis | lateral border of distal humerus | styloid of radius | radial nerve | flexes forearm & pronates/supinates the forearm |
triceps brachii | LONG: Infragleniod tubercle LATERAL: Lateral Posterior surface Humerus MEDIAL: posterior surface humerus | olecranon of ulna | radial nerve | extends forearm at elbow & sholder |
Anconeus | lateral epicondyle of humerus | olecranon & superior shaft of ulna | radial nerve | extends forearm at elbow (assist the triceps) |
pronator teres | medial epicondyle of humerus 7 coronoid process of ulna | midlateral surface of radius | medial nerve | pronates forearm at radioulnar joint & weakly flexes forearm at elbow |
pronator quadratus | distal shaft of the ulna | distal shaft of radius | medial nerve | pronates forearm at radioulnar joint |
supinator (corkscrew or screwdriver | lateral epicondyle of humerus & the supinator crest | lateral & proximal 1/3 of radius | deep radial nerve | supinates forearm at radioulnar joint |
Flexor carpi radialis | medial epicondyle of humerus | 2nd 7 3rd metacarpals | medial nerve | flexes and abducts hand (radial deviation) |
Palmaris longus (missing in 10% of population on left side) | medial epicondyle of humerus | flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis | medial nerve | weak flexion of wrist |
flexor carpi ulnaris | medial epicondyle & superior ulna | pisiform,hamate, & 5th metacarpal | medial nerve | flexes & adducts hand (ulna deviation) |
flexor digitorum superficialis | mdial epicondyle, coronoid process of ulna & anterior oblique line of radius | middle phalanx of each finger | medial nerve | flexes the middle & proximal phalanx & wrist |
flexor pollicis longus | anterior radius & interosseous membrane | base of the distal phalanx of thumb | median nerve | flexes thunb at IP joint |
flexor digitorum profundus | anterior ulna | base of distal phalanx of each finger | median 7 ulnar nerves | flexes middle and distal phalanges of each finger at IP joints & proximal phalanges at MCP joint & hand at wrist |
extensor carpi radialis longus | lateral supracondylar ridge | 2nd metacarpal | radial nerve | extends &ABducts hand at wrist |
extensor carpi radialis brevis | lateral epicondyle of humerus | 3rd metacarpal | radial nerve | extends &ABducts hand at wrist |
extensor digitorum | lateral epicondyle of humerus | middle & distal phalanges of each fingere | radial nerve | extends the phalanges at IP joint & at MCP joints & hand at wrist |
extensor digiti minimi | lateral epicondyle of humerus | tendon of the extensor digitorum on 5th phalanx | deep radial nerve | extends the proximal phalange of little finger at MCP joint & the hand at the wrist |
extensor carpi ulnaris | lateral epicondyle & posterior ulna | 5th metacarpal | deep radial nerve | extends, adducts hand at wrist |
ABductor pollicis longus | posterior & middle radius & ulna along w/the interosseous membrane | 1st metacarpal | deep radial nerve | Abducts,extends thumb at cmc jt & ABducts hand at wrist |
extensor pollicis brevis | posterior middle of RADIUS & interosseous membrane | PROXIMAL phalanx of thunb | deep radial nerve | extends thumb at CMC &MCP ,& hand at wrist |
extensor pollicis longus | posterior middle of ULNA & interosseous membrane | DISTAL phalanx of thunb | deep radial nerve | extands thumb at IP & CMC joint & ABDUCTS hand at wrist |
extensor Indicis | posterior ulna | tendon of extensor digitorum on index finger | deep radial nerve | extends the distal 7 middle phalanges of index finger at IP joints & proximal phalanx at MCP jt & hand at wrist |