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Phys chapter 20 revi
Kidneys
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
glomerulus & Bowmans Capsule | filter |
Proximal convoluted tube | where most of absorption takes place |
ADH | makes tubules more permiable to water |
aldosterone | makes tubules more permiable to sodium |
principle cells | cells in distal convoluted tube & collecting duct that are sensitive to ADH & Aldosterone |
How you get water | food, bevs, blood volume |
descending loop of Henley | thin & more permiable to water |
ascending loop of Henley | thicker & more permiable to solutes |
where is ADH produced | in Pituitary (Posterior) |
where aldosterone is produced | cortex of adrenals |
urinary output drops | ADH released |
Diabetes insipitus | excessive urine output (can't hold water) |
Hypernatremia | excessive sodium in plasma |
hypernatremia causes | plasma levels to rise (as sodium levels increase, water follows which causes blood volume to increase |
potassium levels increase/decrease in hypenatremia? | decrease (sodium potassium pump) |
Angiotensin II | raises blood pressure & Heart rate (vasoconstrictor) & stimulates the release of Aldosterone |
Renin | produced by Kidneys |
Renin-angio I, Angio II, Aldosterone | Raise BP, Raise HR, Vasoconstrict |
Hypothalmus | tells you thirsty |
Plasma Proteins | made by liver |
Parathyroid | breaks down bone to put calcium into the blood |
Calcitriol | Vitamin D activated by Kidneys |
hemorrage | renin release - HR up - ADH release (hold water) - Epi released - filtration of blood down - RBC production up - Secrete ANP (releases sodium) |
Normal PH | 7.35 - 7.45 |
3 mechanisms to level PH | Buffer, Respiratory, Kidneys |
Buffer system | uses Bicarbs, fast & short term |
Respiratory system | minutes, exhale CO2 |
Kidneys | slowest, days - release H+ in urine |