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Env 100 Test 1
Kutztown University 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is 'environment'? | All living and nonliving factors (matter and energy) that affect an organism or system. |
| What is environmental science? | The study of how nature works and human interactions with the environment. |
| What is ecology? (dif from env sci) | The study of distributions and interactions of organisms, and relationships between organisms and their environment. |
| What is environmentalism? (dif from env) | A social movement dedicated to protecting the environment. |
| What happened at Easter Island? | People degraded their environment as tribes build statues using all their trees. Erosion lowered crop yield, no wood to build canoes, everyone died |
| Who said "The greatest good for the greatest number of people for the longest time"? | Gifford Pinchot (first chief of the united states forest service) |
| What is sustainability? | Ability of Earth's natural systems and human culture and economic systems to survive and adapt to a changing environment indefinitely. |
| What is natural capital degradation? | Unsustainable use of natural capital (resources/services provided by the env) depletes its goods and services. |
| What is a sustainable society? | One that meets the basic needs of its people in a just and equatable manner using Earth's natural income without depleting or degrading the natural capitol it supplies. |
| What is anthropocentrism? | human-centered view of the environment |
| What is biocentrism? | ascribe values to certain living things |
| What is ecocentrism? | Values entire species, communities and ecosystems |
| What is ecological efficiency? | The percentage of usable energy transferred as biomass from one trophic level to the next (typically 10%) |
| What is a population? | a group of interacting individuals of the same species occupying a specific area |
| What is genetic diversity? | In most natural populations individuals vary in their genetic makeup (typically 80% shared genes) |
| What is an ecosystem? | Consist of biotic and biotic components |
| How do ecosystems survive | Energy flow and matter recycling |
| What is NPP (net primary production)? | The rate at which producers make and store energy minus the rate at which they use energy through respiration |
| What is soil? | a thin layer of weathered rock, minerals, organic matter, water, air and living organisms |
| How long does it take to renew a centimeter of soil? | 15-100s of years |
| What is desertification? | A decline in 10% productivity |
| How much water on Earth is usable to humans? | 0.024% |
| How do we alter the water cycle? | Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater, clearing vegetation, increasing flooding and removing wetlands, pollution, and altering flows |
| What is the growth rate of a population? | the exponential rate of growth from one year to the next |
| What is affluence? | The abundance of money, property or possession |
Created by:
andrewdouv
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