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Science Midterm Exam
My study notes for midterm!!!!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sewage run-off affects which cycle? | Phosphorus |
| How does sewage run-off affect that cycle? | With the extra phosphorus from the run-off, the algae grows faster creating ALGAL BLOOMS which in turn cause EUTROPHICATION. |
| Deforestation affects which cycle? | Carbon |
| How does deforestation affect that cycle? | It gets rid of trees which are our air filters making too much carbon and not enough oxygen through lack of plants for photosynthesis. Also adding more carbon to the thickening ozone layer and inducing an enhanced greenhouse effect. |
| Urban Sprawl affects which cycle? | Carbon |
| How does urban sprawl affect that cycle? | It gets rid of trees which are our air filters making too much carbon and not enough oxygen through lack of plants for photosynthesis. Also adding more carbon to the thickening ozone layer and inducing an enhanced greenhouse effect. Also machinery = gas. |
| Use of fertilizers affects which cycle? | phosphorus |
| How does use of fertilizers affect that cycle? | With the extra phosphorus from the run-off, the algae grows faster creating ALGAL BLOOMS which in turn cause EUTROPHICATION. |
| Dam building affects which cycle? | Water |
| How does dam building affect that cycle? | Kills aquatic habitat and breeds many mosquitos through the stagnant water. The stagnant water also dries up quickly. |
| Highway construction affects which cycle? | Carbon |
| How does highway construction affect that cycle? | It gets rid of trees which are our air filters making too much carbon and not enough oxygen through lack of plants for photosynthesis. Also adding more carbon to the thickening ozone layer and inducing an enhanced greenhouse effect. Also cars=gas=carbon |
| Mining affects which cycle? | phosphorus |
| How does mining affect that cycle? | With the extra phosphorus from the rocks, algae grows faster creating ALGAL BLOOMS which in turn cause EUTROPHICATION. |
| Burning fossil fuels affects which cycle? | long-term carbon cycle |
| How does burning Fossil fuels affect that cycle? | The emissions add extra carbon into the atmosphere, thickening the ozone layer and enhancing the greenhouse effect. |
| What are the similarities between Habitat and Niche? | They are both examples of how an organism lives in its ecosystem |
| What are the differences between Habitat and Niche? | Habitat is it's home while Niche is its role. |
| What are the similarities between Dominant and Keystone species? | Both have dramatic effects on their ecosystem |
| What are the differences between Dominant and Keystone species? | Dominant species is the most abundant species and has the biggest biomass while a Keystone species is the most vital to its ecosystem but not necessarily the most abundant. |
| Dominant species are always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in terrestrial ecosystems. | Primary Producers |
| What are the similarities between Parasitism and Mutualism? | Both are forms of symbiosis |
| What are the differences between Parasitism and Mutualism? | Parasitism is an interaction where one organism benefits while the other one suffers. Mutualism is where both organisms benefit. |
| What are the similarities between J-shaped and S-shaped growth? | Both describe population growth. |
| What are the differences between J-shaped and S-shaped growth? | J-shaped growth is exponential growth while s-shaped growth shows that the population has reached its carrying capacity. |
| What are the similarities between Eutrophication and Biomagnification? | Both are caused by human interference |
| What are the differences between Eutrophication and Biomagnification? | Eutrophication is an algal bloom whereas biomagnification is the transfer of nutrients through the trophic levels. The higher up, the more concentrated it is. |
| What are the similarities between Limiting Factors and Carrying Capacity? | Both are factors of an S-shaped growth, |
| What are the differences between Limiting Factors and Carrying Capacity? | Limiting factor is factors that stop population growth while Carrying capacity is the number of individuals an ecosystem can support. |
| What are the similarities between Competition and Predation? | Both are interactions between organisms. |
| What are the differences between Competition and Predation? | Competition is species competing for fundamental resources while Predation is when a predator goes after his prey. |
| What are the similarities between Biotic and Abiotic? | Both are compnents nessecary for sustainable ecosystems. |
| What are the differences between Biotic and Abiotic? | Biotic is all living things while abiotic is non-living. |
| What is the formula for finding Density while NOT using a graph? | m/V = D |
| What is the formula for finding Density while using a graph? | y2 - y1 / x2 - x1 = D ( y= mass x = volume ) |
| In what trophic level is a primary producer? | the first trophic level |
| In what trophic level is a primary consumer? | the second trophic level |
| In what trophic level is a secondary consumer? | the third trophic level |
| What is a compound? | A pure substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined together that can't be broken down again by physical means |
| What is an element? | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler parts by ordinary chemical means |
| What is a heterogeneous mixture (or mechanical mixture) ? | 2 or more types of particles mixed together that do not have a uniform composition throughout. |
| What is a homogeneous mixture (or solution) ? | 2 or more types of particles mixed together that have a uniform composition throughout. |
| What is the "S" in the acronym SMALL? | S - small |
| What is the "M" in the acronym SMALL? | M - More movement |
| What is the "A" in the acronym SMALL? | A - Attraction |
| What is the first "L" in the acronym SMALL? | L - Less movement |
| What is the second "L" in the acronym SMALL? | L- Like particles |
| What is the acronym SMALL used for? | The particle theory of matter |
| What is the acronym GRASS used for? | Solving Density questions. |
| What is the "G" in the acronym GRASS? | G - Given |
| What is the "R" in the acronym GRASS? | R - Required |
| What is the "A" in the acronym GRASS? | A - Analysis |
| What is the first "S" in the acronym GRASS? | S - Solution |
| What is the second "S" in the acronym GRASS? | S - Statement |
| Convert: 5mm = _____ m | 0.005m |
| Convert: 250 km = ______ Mm | 0.25 Mm |
| Convert: 30dam = ______ cm | 30000cm |
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