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WHAP CH 20
Africa
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Factories | Trading stations with resident merchants established by the Portuguese and other Europeans. |
El Mina | Important Portuguese factory on the coast of modern Ghana. |
Lançados | Afro-Portuguese traders who joined the economies of the African interior with coastal centers. |
Nzinga Mvemba | Ruler of the Kongo kingdom (1507-1543); converted to Christianity and was renamed Alfonso I; his efforts to integrate Portuguese and African ways foundered because of the slave trade. |
Luanda | Portuguese settlement founded in the 1520s; became the core for the colony of Angola. |
Royal African Company | Chartered in Britain in the 1660s to establish a monopoly over the African trade; supplied slaves to British New World colonies. |
Indies piece | A unit in the complex exchange system of the west African trade; based on the value of an adult male slave. |
Triangular trade | Complex commercial pattern linking Africa, the Americas, and Europe; slaves from Africa went to the New World; American agricultural products went to Europe; European goods went to Africa. |
Asante | Akan state centered at Kumasi on the Gold Coast (now Ghana). |
Osei Tutu | Important ruler who began centralization and expansion of Asante. |
Asantehene | Title, created by Osei Tutu, of the civil and religious ruler of Asante. |
Benin | African kingdom in the Bight of Benin; at the height of its power when Europeans arrived; active slave-trading state; famous for its bronze-casting techniques. |
Dahomey | African state among the Fon or Aja peoples; developed in the 17th century and centered at Abomey; became a major slave-trading state through use of Western firearms. |
Luo | Nilotic people who migrated from the upper Nile regions to establish dynasties in the lakes region of central Africa. |
Uthman Dan Fodio | Muslim Fulani leader who launched a great religious movement among the Hausa. |
Great Trek | Movement inland during the 1830s of Dutch-ancestry settlers in South Africa seeking to escape their British colonial government. |
Shaka | Ruler among the Nguni peoples of southeast Africa during the early 19th century; developed military tactics that created the Zulu state. |
Mfecane | Wars among Africans in southern Africa during the early 19th century; caused migrations and alterations in African political organization. |
Swazi and Lesotho | African states formed by peoples reacting to the stresses of the Mfecane. |
Middle Passage | Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; a deadly and traumatic experience. |
Obeah | African religious practices in the British American islands. |
Candomble | African religious practices in Brazil among the Yoruba. |
Vodun | African religious practices among descendants in Haiti. |
Palmares | Angolan-led, large runaway slave state in 17th-century Brazil. |
Suriname Maroons | Descendants of 18th-century runaway slaves who found permanent refuge in the rain forests of Suriname and French Guiana. |
William Wilberforce | British reformer who led the abolitionist movement that ended the British slave trade in 1807. |
Polygyny | The practice of having more than one wife at a time. |
Oba | Term used for king in the kingdom of Benin. |
Fulani | Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto. |
Afrikaners | Another term used for the Boer. |
Voortrekkers | Boer farmers who migrated further into South Africa during the 1830s and 1840s. |
Zulu wars | War fought in 1879 between the British and the African Zulu tribes. |
Diaspora | The dispersion of a group of people after the conquest of their homeland. |
Saltwater slaves | Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black. |
Creole slaves | American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation. |