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science 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In what form of energy is most of the sun's energy emitted | electromagnetic waves |
| what is an electricity neutral, subatomic, massless,particlas, emmitted by fusion reaction within the sun at nearly the speed of light | neutrinos |
| what are the two main elements that the sun is made up of | hydrogen, helium |
| what percentage are they of the sun | 98% |
| What tool is used to measure and study the sun | spectroscope |
| matter that forms at extremely high temps, and is not solid, liquid, or gas | plasma |
| what is the visible surface of the sun | photosphere |
| how hot is it | 8700-10800 |
| what are bumps in the photosphere as result of currents of plasma | granules |
| what is a sunspot | small, cooler, darker,area on sun's surface |
| why do sunspots appear to be going east to west | the suns rotation |
| what are the two parts of a sunspot | umbra and penumbra |
| what is an umbra | dark inner portion |
| what is an penumbra | the brighter outer portion |
| What is the sunspot cycle | the time between years of maxiumum sunspots periods |
| how are sunspots different in the nothern and southern hemisphere | they are opposite |
| What is an extremely violent eruption resulting in intense emmissions of uv radiation | solar flare |
| what are solar flares affect on earth | x-rays and solar matter, and destroy part of earth's ionsphere |
| what is extremely large mass of particles that can be discharged | coranal mass ejection |
| what are the names and relative location of the two regions of the sun's atmosphere | chromosphere and corona |
| what are clouds of plasma that emit light in a single or few wave lenghts | plages |
| What are the three layers of the sun's interior model | core-inner most radiation-middle conective-outer most |
| list three things energy from the sun is most commonly used for | heat, energy, solar energy |
| What type of telescope is the hubble space telescope | reflecting telescope |
| what is the difference between apparent and absolute magnitude | apparent is an estimte from earth, but absolute is the amount of light emited |
| what measure the relative brightness of a star | magnitude |
| who was the greek man who invented magnitude | hippocrates |
| what 2 things determine the magnitude of a star | amount of light a star emits and distance from earth |
| what is the unit of distance that measures the distance from earth | light-year |
| what is the distance observed in wavelenght of light | red shift |
| what is the apparent shift in posistion of an observent object caused by a change in the point of observation | parallax |
| what is the difference between proper and redial motion | proper motion is motion that is perpendicular to an observers line of sight but radial motion is directly toward or away from the observer |
| what is the difference between supergiant and white dwarf | super gaint is the largest and most luminous star, but a white dwarf is a very dense, very bright star about the same mass as the sun but only 1/1100 of its diameter |
| What dies density mean | the amount of mass contained in a single volumetric unit of substance |
| what color are the hottest and coolest stars | bluish;redish |
| list two types of variable stars and describe each | eclipsing binaries- 2 stars revolving around each other such that they periodically pass in front of each other cephid variable changes brightness as it expands and contracts regularly |
| what is a nova | a nova is a star that exdplodes and increases in brightness up to 10 magnitude but is not destroyed |
| what is supernova | a star that suddenly increases its apparent brightness by 20 mag, because of an explosion that destroys it |
| why are nuetron stars sometimes called pulsars | they are spinning and emmitting radio waves at regular intervals |
| how are neutron stars formened | by the results of a supernova |
| what is the differnce between an open and globular cluster | open- stars far apart and arranged in any shape globular- spherical shape and close together |
| listh the shape of the galaies | elliptical, spiral, barred spiral |
| what shape is the mily way | spirall |
| what are the 5 kinds of nebulae stars | emmission, reflection,planetary,super nova,dark nebulae |
| what is a nebulae that is near hot stars that emit enough uv rays to energizes nearby clouds of hydrogen | emmission |
| what is a nebulae that clouds of dust particles are visable because they reflect visible light fro nearby stars | reflection |
| what is a ring shaped nebulae | planetary |
| what is a nebulae that is remnants | super nova |
| what is a nebular that is interstellar dust that dosen;t have any heat or light | dark nebulae |
| what are unusally bright celestial objects that produces strong radio emissions | quassars |
| what kind of object is far denser that a neutron star- so much that even light can't enter | black hole |
Created by:
oliviaobrien
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