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Chapter 4 terms,HS
Chapter 4 chemistry terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | an atom's central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons. |
| Electron Cloud | the area in which the electrons are located. |
| Proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge; located inside the nucleus. |
| Neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge; located inside the nucleus. |
| Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge. |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Average Atomic Mass | is equal to the mass in grams of 1 mole in the element. |
| Mass Number | The sum of the numbers if protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Molar Mass | the mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance. |
| Molecular Mass | A number equal to the sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule |
| Isotope | an atom of the same number of prtons as other atoms of the same element do but has a different number of neutrons. |
| ion | an atom or molecule which has gained or lost one or more of its valence electrons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. |
| Cation | an ionic species with a positive charge |
| Anion | An ionic species having a negative charge |
| Mole | the SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance whose number of particles is the same as the number of atoms of carbon in exactly 12g of carbon-12. |
| Avagadro's Number | 6.022x10^23 |
| Orbital | a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons. |
| Valence Electron | an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties. |
| Photon | a unit or quantum of light. |
| Energy Level | One of a set of states of a physical system associated with a range of energies. Electrons in an atom, for example, can shift between the different energy levels corresponding to orbitals in different shells |
| Unified Atomic Mass Unit | a unit of mass that describes the mass of an atom or molecule; it is exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom with the mass number 12. |
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